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Polish Cultural Garden Photograph
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Polish Cultural Garden Photograph
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Description
Title
Polish
Cultural
Garden
Photograph
Subject
Immigration and Ethnic Heritage
Arts and Entertainment
Plants and Animals
Gardens
Fountains
Trees
Polish Americans
Place
Cleveland (Ohio)
Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
Description
This
7.75
"
x
9.25
"
(19.69
x
23.50
cm)
photograph
shows
the
Polish
Cultural
Garden
,
which
was
dedicated
in
1934
and
completed
in
1935
. The
garden
is
a
hexagonal
sunken
court
with a
octagonal
fountain
as the
centerpiece
.
Many
shrubs
and
trees
imported
from
Poland
make
up
the
landscape
,
including
a
tree
from
Chopin's
Polish
estate
. As
one
of
Cleveland's
largest
ethnic
groups
,
Poles
had an
important
influence
on the
city
,
particularly
during
its
period
of
heavy
industrial
growth
in the
late
nineteenth
and
early
twentieth
centuries
. The
first
community
of
Poles
was
established
in the
late
1860s
in
Berea
,
where
they were
employed
in the
stone
quarries
. In the
1870s
Polish
immigration
increased
due
to
German
cultural
pressure
in
Prussian
Poland
and
economic
hardships
in
Russian
Poland
.
Cleveland
Poles
did
not
form
a
specific
neighborhood
, but
tended
to
settled
within
the
Czech
community
around
Croton
Street
. In the
1870s
,
Polish
neighborhoods
began
forming
close
to the
areas
where
the
Polish
immigrants
worked
,
specifically
heavy
industry
.
One
Polish
settlement
,
Warszawa
, was
adjacent
to
Tod
(East
65th)
Street
and what
became
Fleet
Avenue
. By the
late
1880s
and
1890s
,
more
Polish
communities
were
being
established
,
such
as
Poznan
,
around
East
79th
Street
and
Superior
Avenue
, and
Kantowo
, in the
Tremont
area
.
Polish
immigration
continued
into the
1990s
due
to the
economic
uncertainty
as
Poland
moved
to a
free
economy
. The
Cleveland
Cultural
Gardens
,
located
along
East
Boulevard
and
Martin
Luther
King
Jr
.
Boulevard
, are
landscaped
gardens
with
statuary
honoring
Cleveland's
ethnic
groups
.
During
the
dedication
of the
Shakespeare
Garden
in
1916
, the
city
decided
to
create
similar
areas
for
each
of the
city's
ethnic
communities
. The
first
of these
gardens
, the
Hebrew
garden
, was
established
in
1926
. On
May
9
,
1927
the
city
set
aside
part
of
Rockefeller
Park
for
future
gardens
. The
Italian
,
German
,
Lithuanian
,
Slovak
, and
Ukrainian
gardens
were
established
in
1930
; the
Polish
,
Hungarian
,
Czech
, and
Yugoslav
gardens
in
1934
; and the
American
,
Russian
,
Irish
,
Greek
, and
Syrian
gardens
in
1938
.
Romanian
,
Estonian
,
Afro-American
,
Chinese
,
Finnish
, and
Indian
gardens
have
since
been
added
.
Planning
and
fundraising
for
each
garden
was
undertaken
within
the
ethnic
communities
,
while
the
Cleveland
Cultural
Garden
Federation
(established
in
1925)
oversaw
planning
and
coordinated
various
joint
programs
.
Date of Original
1954
Collection
Cleveland
Rockefeller
Parks
Picture
Collection
Source
Audiovisual material
CP 03998
Submitting Institution
Cleveland Public Library, Photograph Collection
Rights
For rights and reproduction requests, go to the Ohio Historical Society's Audiovisual and Graphic Reproduction Services page at
http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/audiovis/photodup.html;
Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to
http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
Type
StillImage
File Name
Om2016_2808598_009.tif
Image Height
2263
Image Width
2766
File Size
602.197 KB
Format
picture
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