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Description
Title
Pipe
Subject
Adena
culture--Ohio.
;
Woodland
culture.
;
Effigies.
;
Tobacco
pipes
.
Description
In
1901
,
Joseph
Froehlich
contracted
with the
Ohio
Historical
Society
to
remove
a
large
mound
on his
property
so
that he
could
use
the
land
for
farming
.
Froehlich
had
recently
acquired
the
land
from the
heirs
of
Thomas
Worthington
, an
early
Ohio
political
leader
and the
sixth
governor
of
Ohio
,
who
in
1789
purchased
a
2000-acre
estate
near
Chillicothe
that he
called
Adena
.
William
C
.
Mills
led
the
excavation
of the
mound
,
which
was
approximately
26
feet
high
and
140
feet
in
diameter
.
Mills
discovered
that the
mound
was
built
in
two
phases
. The
original
mound
was
approximately
20
feet
high
and
90
feet
in
diameter
. A
second
phase
of
building
extended
the
north
side
of the
mound
by
about
50
feet
.
Different
materials
were
used
in the
two
phases
of
construction
. A
dark
sand
,
likely
from a
nearby
lake
, was
used
in the
early
phase
,
while
lighter
sand
and
soil
were
used
in the
later
phase
.
Artifacts
found
in
each
section
were
similar
,
although
more
numerous
in the
original
mound
. A
total
of
33
skeletons
were
interred
in the
burial
mound
. They were
buried
with
tools
and
ornaments
such
as
pipes
,
spearpoints
and
arrowpoints
,
knifes
,
needles
,
pottery
,
shell
hoes
,
stone
gorgets
,
sandstone
tablets
,
necklaces
made
of
shell
and
bone
, and
bracelets
and
rings
made
of
copper
. The
most
distinctive
artifact
found
in the
mound
was the
Adena
Pipe
, a
effigy
pipe
in the
shape
of a
man
. The
Adena
culture
inhabited
the
Ohio
River
valley
between
800
B.C
. and
A.D
.
100.
,
during
the
Early
Woodland
period
.
Archaeologists
define
cultures
by
patterns
of
similar
artifacts
and
features
in a
particular
area
at the
same
period
of
time
.
Adena
culture
is
typified
by
burial
mounds
,
large
earthworks
likely
used
for
ceremonial
purposes
.
Although
Early
Woodland
people
grew
crops
such
as
sunflowers
,
goosefoot
, and
squash
, they
acquired
much
of their
food
by
hunting
. The
tools
that they
used
for
hunting
and
food
preparation
,
which
include
Adena
,
Cresap
and
Robbins
points
and
Adena
and
Robbins
blades
, also
help
to
define
the
culture
.
Pottery
produced
by the
Adena
culture
generally
had
thick
walls
,
made
by
forming
a
coil
of
clay
into the
desired
shape
.
Some
feature
cordmarks
,
parallel
lines
created
by a
paddle
wrapped
with a
twine-like
cord
. The
Adena
culture
was
succeeded
by the
Hopewell
culture
,
which
flourished
during
the
Middle
Woodland
period
,
100
B.C.-A.D
.
500.
; This
item
was
part
of the
First
Ohioans
exhibit
,
which
was on
display
at the
Ohio
Historical
Center
in
Columbus
from
1986
to
2006
.
Creator
Adena
Culture
Type
Pipes
(smoking
equipment)
Identifier
39
141
14184
;
33
RO
1
Title-Alternative
Adena
Man
;
Human
Effigy
Description-Abstract
A
large
,
anthropomorphic
tube
pipe
is
in the
form
of a
man
standing
upright
,
wearing
a
patterned
loincloth
,
earspools
and a
feather
bustle
. The
mouthpiece
has a
small
hole
in a
semicircular
projection
at the
top
of the
head
. The
bowl
of the
pipe
is
located
between
the
figure's
feet
.
Made
of
pipestone
, the
front
, or
ventral
face
,
is
light
yellowish
brown
and
much
of the
back
, or
dorsal
face
,
is
yellowish
red
.
Format-Extent
1
item
:
pipestone
;
66
x
50
x
200
mm.
,
465
grams
.
Coverage-Spatial
United
States
of
America--Ohio--Ross--Adena
Mound
.
PDI.Title
Pipe
OCLC number
70276998
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