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James O'Hara Letter to Arthur St. Clair

Om74_1146759_010

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Title	James O'Hara Letter to Arthur St. Clair
Subject	Military Ohio American Indians in Ohio Treaties Northwest Territory Governors
Place	Marietta (Ohio) Washington County (Ohio) Northwest Territory
Description	This letter from James O'Hara (supplier to the armies of the Northwest Territory and later quartermaster general of the army to Arthur St. Clair) authorizes supplying of materials for the signing of the Treaty of Fort Harmar in 1789. The Treaty of Fort Harmar was signed in January of 1789, and proved to be disastrous. St. Clair was unable to make all of the American Indians sign the treaty and in addition gave them all black wampum belts as a sign of his esteem. To the American Indians, white wampum belts were signs of peace; black wampum belts were a sign of war. To these Indians, not receiving their white wampum belts when they signed the treaty was an insult, and a group of them led by Blue Jacket and Little Turtle refused to abide by the treaty. One year later, General Josiah Harmar led an military force against the Indians to force them to obey the treaty. The Indian forces defeated Harmar in October of 1790 and St. Clair personally led another force against the Indians and was defeated in 1791. This led President Washington to appoint General Anthony Wayne to lead the armies against the Indians. Wayne was successful at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. The one-page letter measures 8" by 13" (21 by 33 cm) and is part of a larger collection of Arthur St. Clair letters that is owned by the State Library of Ohio and on permanent deposit at the Ohio Historical Society. Arthur St. Clair (1734-1818) was governor of the Northwest Territory and administrator of Indian affairs for the Western Territories from 1787 to 1802. St. Clair had many disagreements with the territorial legislature. He supported the division of the territory into different states that would be admitted separately to the Union despite the opposition of members of the legislature, including Thomas Worthington, who wished to hasten Ohio's admission for statehood.
Creator	O'Hara, James, 1752-1819
Date of Original	December 02, 1788
Collection	Arthur St. Clair Papers
Source	Unpublished material (archives/manuscripts); MIC 96
Format	manuscripts
Submitting Institution	Ohio Historical Society
Rights	Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
Type	Text
Date created	2010-10-19

Title	Om74_1146759_010
Rights	Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
File Name	Om74_1146759_010.tif
Image Height	6545
Image Width	4069
File Size	9618.771 KB
Full Text	[written in different hand in corner]1788 [written in different hand] Feb. 12 Sir It having been determined that in meeting with the Indians NW of the Ohio, in order to form a Treaty of Peace and Commerce, should be held at the Falls of the Musk = kingham River in May next, and sundry Articles of merchandise will be wanted for the usual Presents that are made to them on such Occasions, and knowing that you are perfectly acquainted with the nature price of such Articles both from your private transactions, and from having before done the same for the public I have to request that you will purchase on the best terms possible and cause to be transported to the mouth of the Muskingham River the Articles mentioned in the encl [crossed out] annexed List _ for that purpose I will put into your Hands the Warrants of the Board of Treasury upon the receiver of continental Taxes in Maryland, and you will be allowed for doing the Business the same Commission as was allowed to you upon the former occasion including the charge of Transportation I am Sir [illegible] Copy To Cap t. [superscript] James O'Hara Philad a. [superscript] Febr y. [superscript] 12 th. [superscript] 1788 [underlined] [written to side] 2000 2000 1500 1250 1733 850 [horizontal line] 9333 [end]
Date created	2009-01-09

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