Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1846-11-25

              WEE Y 0 0 STATE VOLUME XXXVII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1846. NUMBER 13. l-Um.lSIIKI) KVI'.UY WF.D.NHSDAV MOKNINO, SY WILLIAM JJ. THRALL. Office in the Journal Building, south-east corner of High trcet and sugar alloy, TEH Ms7 TiiHr.K Dot.T.AfiB pr.H annum, which may bodischanrcd by tlin payment of Two Doi.i.ak in ndvance, anil frco ol' uohIaim-. or of iMr ccntago to A '.fonts or Culler tow. The Journal ia olio published daily during tho session of inn Legislature, ann inner a ween inn rcmainocr 01 uiu our fur 6 j and throe times i week, jowly, fur$l. Till KSY KVUN1NG, November ID, 1810. Thanksgiving. Tlie day ii near at hand, which Ins been designated by tho worthy Governor of our Commonwealth, lobe con huc rati' il by the people of Ohio an a season o Thanksgiving, Prayer, and Praise to Almighty God for the blessings vouchsafed to us as a people. There ii a fitness and propriety at all times, in a Christian people setting spirt particular senium for communing with the great Author of their being, and recognizing by outward and visible tokens their dependence upon jJii providence. It is a sublime spectacle to see a whule community of intelligent and free people, voluntarily rendering ascriptions of praise and thanksgiving, fur life, health, food, and the innumerable social enjoyments with which they are surrounded. And the prevent is very peculiarly an appropriate season for such offices. The wad of famine and distress as mils our ears, with every successive arrival from the old world. Thousands and tens of thousands of our fellow creatures there are at their wit's end for the means of procuring food to sustain life until another harvest may be garnered. While, such is the condition of things there, we are in the enjoyment of one of the most abundant harvests over reapt. Who, in view of this fact, can withhold the homago of a grateful heart, for the comforts and ble-sing by which he is surrounded Let all, then, with one consent, conform to the recommendation of our Executive and for one day, laying aside our secular cares and employments, con sec rate the time to a thankful contemplation of the innumerable benefits which crown our lives, and adoration of the infinite Source whence all our blessings are derived. Relief to I lie Volunteers. 1 A public meeting was held by the citizen! of Cincinnati, on Monday last, over which Judge Rkkii pre sided, the object of which was to devise ways and ; means to relievo the families of the Volunteers from ' that region, now in Mexico, This is a commendable , movement, and should be followed in all those places ! where Volunteers have been raised. Surely it is enough to ask of any man, that he forego the pleas urea sod comfort of family and of home, to encounter , tho hardships, fatigues and privations of the camp that lie put his lite in jeopardy in an insalubrious climate, and peril it upon tho battle-Held and all this ! for the paltry sum of eight dollars per month with- j out expecting of them it the si me time to sustain out j nf that meagre sum, a dependent family at home. Tho least that can reasonably bo expected of those I who remain at home, and rejoice in the prowess of j our Volunteer soldiery, and the success of our arms abroad, is that they cure fur the families of those sol diers, and see to it that they are timely furnished with every needful supply. This is the very cheapest way in which they can manifest their patriotism. At the close of the meeting in Cincinnati, Mr. Hi; ht Kiicawr.Lt., proprietor of the Mammoth Circus, authorised the Secretaries to oiler to the committee the grots receipts of his establishment on a given day. This was a generous beginning on the part of a stranger; an example worthy the imitation of the alllueut citizens of the proud City of the West. Mttle Miami Hull Hood. The business on this road has exceeded the most , sanguine expectations of its friends. There is, how. ever, general complaint as to its management. They i hive, only free available locomotives. There is no apology for such neglect. The reasons utFrrrd sre not worth mentioning the fact is they want an elli- j cient and experienced Superintendent. Mr. dementi ! is no doubt a very good engineer, but he is no matia-; (per. Allowing due consideration for the great increase ; in business, did they expect to get along with their present outfit a lot of sprained, broken down horses, " which ought to have been turned out to grass long ago. All freight is virtually suspended the arks are again in motion. A director informed us a few days since the loss on freight this fall would have purchased three locomotives. Since writing tho ahoTo, we are glad to h-arn the Directory has woke up, and arrangement are in train for a new outfit. It may he hoped there will he no necessity of h dding'the next Circuit C iurton board the cars! Freh Water Navigation. It is particularly important to keep the people advised of the enactions imposed by this Government. The Porllind canal denunds a tribute from every passenger and every pound of freight tint paws through not directly, indeed, but the boat suffer some, and their owners know how to adjust the charge. It will be bourne in mind tint a proposition was warmly advocated by the Whigs to authorise the pur chase of the canal by the Government. Though sustained by soma independent Democrats, the bill was thrown under the tible. Will not the Western and Bouth-Western members unite and ibunand what is so clearly right the uninterrupted navigation of the Western waters, where they can bo rendered so by art, and the means which uny make that art available i Look at this statement of tho Cincinnati Game lie, taken from official sources ; There passed through the rami, at LmisTille, in 1H1.", 5-5 steam-boats, and U'4 Vei l and Hit-boats. During the year, according to calculation, there pans, over the Falls, of steamers 7!, nf keel and flat-boats l,-e toUl of all :l,551f. To tins must be added boats stopping at Louisville, etWe, or at Cortland, brlutr the Kails. The arrivals at Louisville nf 1ms la that do not pass the canal, are set down si ;i,50i at I'ortland, that go no farther, 1,011' wlnrh, added to the number that pass over or around the in, makes 7, lot), of which nearly 0,00(1 sre steamers, carryinj, at an average of forty passengers (deck and cabin) per bout, tMii,UN,l nu n tidily. The Great Central Itnilroud from Philadelphia to Piltttburith. Our readers will be pleased to learn that the Phila delphia subscription to this noble enterprise, of 7o Millions af Dollars, was passed by a large majority The City Councils have shown a wise and judicious ! dici, tlf ,, iuly ami U1(, ,iIM. course we may say me oniy one wmcu cumu pMi-bly enable Philadelphia to sustain her present position as the second city in the Union. The connection with Pittsburgh will ensure the next link of the chain to Cleveland. When every avenue nf communication is open, Columbus will awake, like Hip Van Winkle, m utter ainaieinent, she could so long have reposed in false security under a worse than mesmeric influence. Of this more anon. Gha stills Connor. Wo oiuiltcd accidentally to notice the election of llev. Silas !Uii.xr,of West born, Mass., to the Presidency nf this Institution-Mr. B. bears a good name for scholarship, and is a practical teacher a very essential requisite, though too often disregarded. The venerable Dr.Gotsn was truly an ornament to his profession, and it will he a source of sincere congratulation tn the friends of the College, that his successor is worthy of so rvsjmn tible a trust. HT It is no purpose of ours in any wise to interfere in any matter nf difficulty, real or imaginary, which may exist between the Supreme llennh and the liar, or any individual member thereof. That some such difficulty does exist, we infer from the tenor of the following communication, which reached us 'indue course of mail." It may be tint our correspondent deems this the most delicate, and therefore the moi-t appropriate method of making known to the Court his grievance; and, peradvenlure, nil that may be ncoes-sary to secure redress, is to make known his matter of complaint. For tho Ohio State- Journal. The Now Judge, for tho Supreme Cnnrt. Just seven years ago, when Judge Wood's term of service on the Supreme lleneli was about to expire, David Tod and others got up a catechism which was addressed to all known candidates and many more besides, to learn their opinions about Hunks, the repeal of Charters, and other Democratic matters. Somewhat after tlie same manner, on the lecurrence of ii nother election, I wish to propose a few queries to the new Judge to be chosen this next winter, whorver he nny be, and as I know of no committee authorized, according to Democratic usage, to get up a circular, I send the following queries to the Ohio Stile Journal, of which all aspirnnts, as well the known as the many unthoiight of, will please take notice: 1. Are von in favor of keeping the Court in Bank secreted in a buck room over the jail, and of maintaining the practice of griming nut four cases a day each Judge doing up un opinion ? v. Will yon leel it your duty to join in nn effort to sneer down as "ambitious of display every lawyer who shall propone to make an oral argument before tho Court in Hank ? !l. Will you permit the Legislature to have a voice in fixing the times of holding court on the circuit, or win you deem it your duty to prepare a list ol terms compressed into the smallest possible since, and then snap up tho business accordingly, to fit the allotted lime r 4. Will you permit lawyers on the circuit to argue the causes before you, or will you so bear yourself as to m tike them dread your prejudice againnt Iheui, and the consequent jeopard v of their client's came, and so tnkc the chances of your deciding in I heir f ivor ? lour lavorauin answer to the queries will nave a material effect in making known your fitness for tho nice, nnd until the. regular meeting is appointed you may address your response to the next K ir meeting in Cincinnati, during rot ess, and to the Speaker of lha Lobby, after the 2d Monday in December. lilJfcllO. Dry Fork of Mill Creek, Nov. 14, lt4li. Lntcst From Mexico. Advices from Vera Cruz as Lite as the fMd of Octo ber have been received at New Orleans. Considerable enthusiasm is manifested by the Mex icans for tho prosecution of the war. Their losses are commented upon freely for the purpose of rousing the patriotism of the people. Santa Anna arrived at Snn Luis Potosi on the 8th, and issued his proclamation. lie immediately seixed a largo conducts of specie of two millions of dollars, under the pretext it was very unsafe to forward it to the Gulf. This no doubt was from the English mines, and will receive John Hull s attention. The intercepted mail, forwarded by Ampudia to Santa Anna is commented on pretty freely, Letters from Gov. Marcy reve.iled the designs upon Tampicn and San Luis Potosi. Hut the import of thecorn-sion-dence is more advisatory than any thing else, and in very propel spirit. The letter from Ampudia, covering the despatches, is eminently Mexican, full of bravuras and falsehoods respecting his capitulation. The Fitrmfft Library unit Journal is one of tlie very Itest agricultural publications in the country. The November No. contains a description of the grand agricultural fair held si Auburn, N. V , with a lithographic representation of the scene. We suppose our farmers all suhscrilie for it. TllK Col-LMHIA! MtflAXiMt is decidedly the best nf the class to which it belongs we refer to the illustrated M.ig.ixinrs. The plates are from the burins of the best engravers with subjects well selected, and the articles respectable. Mr. Ionian's name alone would give it a p.i.irij"irt ! Wonster District Nenator. We learn by letter from a most reliable and intelligent source, that the testimony taken in the contest between Mr. Cox and Mr. Will ford, for the seat in the Senile from this District, establishes the election of Mr. Cox, the Whjg candidate, beyond a doubt We rejoice in this, and presume there will be no serious iptnsilion to Mr. C. s taking his seat. Mr. Willford holds the certificate. Tit a Home Jhi hih. Morris, of the " N ilionit Press,' has associated N. P. Willis with him in the publication of a new p.iper with the above title. Wil lis has never yet done justice to tho noble powers which he hold in truit. He will lie cordially wel comed back to the ranks, and setting down to steady labor and after all sud about genius, Ac , there is nothing like it realize the expectations of his friends. Morris, of course, will see that the Journal is not surpassed in the mechanical execution. A Printing Press and the neeesiiry accompana ments wen? ordered from St. I,nui- for Sante Ke by the officers of the army. The t'aU)'rn'm F.iprrtt will soon follow, with our nrnr neighbors of the Mot' terry lUntntrh. The prrt$ of the Saxon foot soon makes its uhprint f The Cotton crop is estimated by an intelligent cor. respondent from New Orleans to the Ch it lesion Courier, at I," H,OO0 io V.iHHi.lV.H) bales. Much more land was in cultivation than generally supposed, so tho sieculating advance can hardly be maintained. Mr. Geo. Phtt, well known here as a late agent of the P. (). Department, has been sppointed Clerk of the U. S. Circuit Court of Pennsylvania. VinoiNiA. llmi. John S. Pendleton, known as tho lone star" of Virginia, in consequence of being the only Whig in Congress from that Stale, announces himself for re-election. Cai'SK ami Errr.iT. The failure of the crops in Europe unprecedented in the history nf trade has aiused a demand fur the food of sixty or seventy millions of people. Tliia is the estimate made by foreign journals, eonverasnt with the facts. The elfect, from so adeqtntc a cause, has been to raise the price of food at the only granary accessible to those in want. The endeavor to twist so plain a fact to the prej li nt nf amaher, is mphstieitly a very isl bu-iiies, and worthy the inteltig.'nce and enterprise of those who may embark in it. wV tVrf, Post OirirK Hn r.irrs. The ennstraat between the receipts from the free and slave Slates is remark able. It is a lillte loo bad thai the principal opposition should come from the latter to the new law. A very food rule would be to devote the office receipts of each Rule to its own mail facilities. How many mails would the South have f Here is a sjiennien. The number ot letters in the free States for October was about two millions in the slsve States less than one half. The new Capitol of Iowa occupies a favorable site in Iowa city. " It is built of marble at a cost already of ti),000, and will require Jt'J.l.iMH) more to finish it. Can any one, versed in figures, make an appnui-mate estimate of the time requisite to finish the Capitol of this State at its present rate of progress i The foundation, laid many years since, lias been lately ex-hunted, and there are some indications of life about the grounds. It is to be hoped the neit legislature Will take some steps to push it forwwsrd, and furnish the Directors the sinews of wsr to go ahead. We suppose the Democracy of Ohio wilt feel sbte to keep up with their brethren in Iowa! There is no other State in this Union that would not feel disgraced by the ei hi bit ion of our present bsrraeksl (LT We learn that the Vestry of Trinity Church, nf this city, have given a unanimous invitation to the Rev. Giuaos D. 1'rsnT, D. I) , of Philadelphia, to become the Hector of said Church. Like invitations, we further understand, hare been given Dr. P. by the Vestry of St. Paul's Church, Cleveland, and St. Paul's Church, Nurwilk. We like the plain tittihnj of our friend of the Clevo land 'aim Heater. Such as cannot abide a straight forward relation of homely facts, will consult their safety by standing ftom under. Ho. Ma. Mi on i.. This gentleman, formerly a Hi'prcsenHtivc fmin this State, is now st the head of Indian stl'.nrs, at Washington. It is a good uthe and Was awarded to Mr. M' dill in behnlf of the Democ racy of Ohio, It has been a standing barrier to all clannsRls for office from this Stste. Of this we do not complain. We are willing that Ohio should Ihj ihus nut off with a single unporisni office, and that .Me tli 1 1 anoiiiii lie tlie man to horn mat. nm we no complain of is (his, tout Mr. Medill tn the distribution n bis patronage, should iHwrvdit Hie fair flaunt and insult the good sense nf that Democracy who placed him where he is, by giving his public advertising to p.iers He yrl kw'trn rtMonj ns, in preference to those who have long Won fighting tho battles of Democracy.The three paprr selected in this Stule lo publish the list ol proposals from the Indian Department Anrs nt kren in etttrarr vne ynir, and their ttailrit rirmla. lion does not iifmtt that of (he MnttrmH ot 'si'sj Healer. W hit explanation Mr. Mrdill can give for such injustice snd contempt for the popular will of the party here, remains In he seen. We know of no reason for selecting such pnpersexeept that of Utadywm to the Snulkern trtag of this adiiiimsiralion, and no piper of any standing among the Democracy of the West pin if fins; smc part for anv such pay. It tskes the yrariiHg to do that liaMara that have to rmUUe for pap in order to exist, snd biii-Ii n the Deiu-H-rsey uf Ohio luvu no ftllowship with. ( Unload I'tatn, Htalir, Tur (li'Airrr.Hi.v Jouiisai, ami lUvir.w, which his licited general commendation for the liberal and manly tone of its philosophical disquisitions and reviews, is not discontinued as generally supposed. Mr. Mine ought to he supported, and we trust will be. Tur. HiontiAi. Mkmi:iq:h, No. 0, edited by Prof. Mitchell, of the Cincinnati Observatory, is a reiuaika- ble publication for the West. All matter of astronomical interest observations of the European observatories new discoveries, -fee, are collected from sources beyond the reach of the common reader, and explained in familiar language. We know not how large a list of subscribers he may have in Columbus, but we truit a liberal one. Terms arc gtfin advance. I he present No. contains an interesting sketch of the discovery of the planet Lo Vcrrier the only proper name for our new neighbor and the observation?! made by the professor on its appearance and motions, with the noble instrument of the Observatory. I here is annexed a map of the Constellation Cjpri- cornus, whore the planet may be found. A telescope of modern powers will easily detect it. Any names left at Hiley's H k Store will be f r- warded. Mr. If 'hale and his daughter are announced in tho Tribune as about to bring out a new waltz Hathcr fwhy that, Mr. Tribune! The Mormon Battalion had arrived a Simla Fe. dipt. Cook assumed the command, and left i.miedi- tilely for California. Curan.isT. Freight per barrel for Flour from Cin cinnati to New Orleans, a distance of 1.VI0 miles, fif ty cents from Hullalo to Albany for same freight, one dollar and seventeen cents, :U') miles. U i The taxes on L ird kegs, barrels, or other pack-ages, have been tho subject of just complaint both abroad and at home. The Cincinnati Chamber of Comniercu very properly, in revising its tariff of charges, adopted tho actual might as the City standard. The weight of barrels and kegs will not hero-after be so much of a desideratum to the picker. The New Orleans Chamber of Commerce taxes lard barrels at IG per cent., half barrels at 1, kegs at The Philadelphia North American lias hid in accession to its editorial corps in Mr. McMichael a popular and well known writer. The N. A. gives the circulation of some of the Philadelphia papers. The Lmtgcr at thirty thousand daily the Dollar about the same A7f (lattice, fif teen thousand nud so on. When will the West sustain its home papvrs? Wkstkh.iTki.kokapii. The wires arc extended as far as Carlisle, and will soon rench Chamhersburg. Mr. O'Heilly, the Western ngent, is soon expected in this city. By another winter, at farthest, we hope to report the Eistem markets up to 2 o'clock, P. M-, of the day of publication ! Oku, TAVi.on's Anuv. Tho impression seems to be daily gaining ground, that nn further active operations will be prosecuted in Mexico until the meeting of the Congress uf that country, which is at the same tunc as our own. The death of Dr. Gaino Jones is announced in the Detroit Advertiser welt known in Michigan for his enterprise and wealth. For tho Stitn Journal. Mesmerism, lat licit in, Ac. The age of miracles has not yet pissed. Many of the public prints are full of startling disclosures The blind receive sight the deaf hear millstones are penetrated at a g I nice. The charmed tints exceed the lalismauic touehof the Fakirof Ava. The veriest uss, lo whom Webster's Introduction is a sealed book, sets up in high places and discourses of philosophy. I he streets are placarded with hamlbtlb stickling ol sights hitherto dreauipt of only in the asylums for lunacy and even the secrets nf the mad house revealed f'r the trifling consideration of twenty-live li U. 1 lie niintcU-r l tlx, ftll-tr fait: iiii"kt J t- mum the new and wonderful expositions of dtvlnc agency, and the humbugs of Moruionisiu laid bare by the still more ridiculous shifts uf Mesmerism or Patheisin, its now fashionable title. I feel, Mr. Editor, some degree nf respect for the veriest quack who deals out Ins nostrums for all the ills that flesh is heir to, as the bills of mortality show the grand panacea of life is yet undiscovered, and the field is yet open for competition. Besides th y use up no small quantity of an article, tor the pill trade 'specially, which is the great stiple of the Stile, anil ihoiiirh 1 may be singular in preferring the flour in another form I am disposed to yield much tn taste. Hut what, in the name of common decency, do these itinerants accomplish? Gifted with an assurance, which, if it could be suffused over pig metal, would give it the p dish nf a Parisian mirror, they pi iy their fantastic tricks as well as the last imported monkey, and with even mom artistic! effect. Their manipulation are superb and their gyrations marvellous I This, sir, might all lie pasted, for nature's journey men do sometimes imitate humanity most abominably, and every circus is allowed one butl'mn in addition to the monkiea. These mountebanks go still farther. and not content with their peculiar province, vault thi'iuselves into high places. They desecrate true sci- nee, which is only obtained by severe discipline and mental culture. Think you the order of Providence is so easily reversed, and a man, the history of whose mind would be a blank sheet, save in the purity of color, can stand up, and revi al the arcana of science t Out upon it it is wasting ink to discuss the matter. One word as to Mesmerism. Your correspondent is well conversant with its history. He knows well, ton, how far the imagination might be deceived. There arc well attested cases of individuals who would swear their legs were stone and immovable who have refused food as entirely unnecessary to sustain life. The nervous system when strongly excited, is, indeed, full nf strange conceits. But the relapse soon comes, and we laugh al our own folly. io show those who feel interested in such strange vagaries, how fir a man can go, let mo stste the following: A ri(ht reverend professor in New York, a man of sonic mark, absolutely declares that the ex istence of the new planet, lately discovered by I,e Vcrrier, the noblest achievement of mathematical sci ence in any age, was foretold by a disciple ot Mes merism when in an abnormal state. He also further asserts, that the same young man, who is quite an unlettered youth, can make quotations front the works of Emanuel Swede ntiorg, which he lias never seen, giving almost the identical language. He can quote Hebrew discourse of Geology, Ac., in his rxtatie visions, of which he is entirely ignorant. This is nil seriously set forth by no less a nsme than tbut of Dr. Bush. VIVE LA BAGATELLE. Human Magnetism. Columbus, Nov. 14th, lrf-IG. The undrrsigned citizens of Columbus having witnessed the very singular and interesting experiments in Human Magnetism made by Mr. 1. 1. KfcEi.r during the past two weeks, ill this city, present tho following summary of results obtained by his mesmeric treatment ; nil of which ore corroborated by tho testimony of Uu subjects themselves. We wish it particularly understood, however, that we present only a brief and simple statement, most, if not ill of which, have been exhibited before largo and highly respectable audiences of our citizens. Tho public can make their own deductions and apply their own title to the agent or influence producing these phenomena. Mr. Kkki.v takes his subjects indiscriminately from the audience places then under the magnetic or mesmeric indueuce, and then causes them at will to dunce, Inugh or sitijr, remain stationary or walk about, and lo fancy themselves almost any thing than what they really are. The facts however, to which we would reler and which we think present Human Magnetism in its most attractive form a remedial agent are first, Cuaiti.Es Hrtnw, 15 years of age, partially deaf the result of scarlet fever the left ear occasionally discharging mailer before treatment by Mr. K. ; could heur a watch tick three-fourths of an inch from the left ear, and ten inches from the right ear. This youth has been magnel.zed some four or five times, and can nine hear the noise as above stated four feet from the left and ten feet from the right ear appeurs to be completely restored, at least sufficiently so for all practical purposes. lJ, Lkwis ll. Amiktro, 0 years of age ; has been partially deaf as stated by his father before treatment by Mr. Keely; could hear a wutch tick from four to six inches distant from the ear; since treatment can hear same noise from I'i to 14 inches distant. 1. Ann M. Arut, from it to IV, years of nge ; partial deafness produced by scarlet fever; before being inatfiirlizcd by Mr. K. could hear noise as above sla ted six inches from one and seventeen inches from the oilier ear. She has been fully magnetized several limes, and can now hear the same notse ubout fifteen feet distant ; can readily hear remarks made ti her when addresaed in an ordinary to no of conversation, and spH-ars to be almost completely restored. 4 J ah ks ifAitiisEH, adult, deal for M'i years, once magnetized, hearing slightly improved. ii. if. nritn.r.u, ,u years old, partially deal in both ars, before treatment by Mr. K., could hear a watch tick when pressed against his right ear, and one-half nn inch from his left ear -deafness caused by fever. -ytnrc ireatmrat, ins neanng is niucii improved, and might be fully restored by continuance of the saino treatment. ti. Maiiy A. IJi'M,, adult, and duluess of hrarinir in both ears for the last seven years, has been under mesmeric treatment for two weeks oust hcuriui? very considerably improved. 7. iUis jiAi.itwi.-f, almost entirely deal tor nine years, before treatment by magnetism could hear ubout nn inch from either ear, can moe hear two inches from one and in inches from the other car. H. Lawui;ck IIii.hkrt, 17 years old, was stilicted with sore eyes for the past two mouths vision wenk and defective, eyelids glued or fastened together after sleep, was in iifnetized three tunes, states that he is now perfectly cured the eyelids, however, are slightly inrlntiird, Ins looks indicate entire restoration. 1 he same youth exhibited the thumb of his right hand, in which he had ml tiered severe pnin from a whitlow or suppuration round the nail and from which lie affirms Mr. K 's mesmeric treatment had entirely removed tho pain. Several olher diseases, headaches, toothaches, Ac, report well attested asserts, ha e been cured or im-ally alleviated by Mr. Keely. in conclusion we would state that Mr. Keely s de portment while here has been most unexceptionable, fully sustaining the testimonials of character for 41 high worth, strict integrity and gentlemanly conduct, given him by John Woods, Auditor of State, Samued Galloway, Secretary of State, Win. Bebb, Governor elect, Granville Moody and Daniel Jenny, Clergyman, and others of our most respectable and worlhy citizens. 1 lie above report was unanimously sanctioned ny n large and resiirctahle audience of citizens and others, and the city papers requested to publish the some. 1 . hTOI KTOK, W. Wii.i.siiiitK Itirrr, Dentist, J. B. Tuovpsos, M. D-, 'Jam. app-iiatid bij citizens at a prit'unts meeting. After takinjr one lesson I placed a lady under mag netic iutluenee ami extracted an ulcerated Bicuspid tooth, without any indication of pun on her part, or huonl.ilSL ll,l ilia p r-ilion liail lw't if r tori lie U Un ill aroused and lold ot tlie tact. The operation was witnessed by five citizens of this cily. VV. Wii.i.siiiitK Hii.kv, Dentist. ColumhiH, Nov. II, IH Its. Tho Alnrkuls. CisnsniTi, Nov. If- Hs a sale of hH) head, slon fed, st 'i per 1 00 lbs. gross, for Baltimore rm river and Cumberland. Over 1100 head Kentucky hogs, are reported at f , ne. II Aistr-f. Siles al Clinic I' iff tn'mA sale nf lit tons from river at t'.7 cash Marlcy-A sale f IINI bushels at 54k:. f'W Sales reported at kl,IHI ( Hf Gnod al (Vul per UNI lbs nett. I.iasetd Oil City Mills at Me. Salt Ksnswha in lots at 17al?Ae. .Swif'irs Several arrivals from New Orleint. Hales of fair ? ilc god fair and prime 7)a7a common new al hc. MtlfVT N O. nld at IT prime new at 30c, Torre l'ims Advanced to r-n. tired Clover from wagons at $,'i5 Tinmthy dull at HVJonftit the latter price for strictly prime. Flaxseed quick at 70c. i Eastern Exchange firm at premium N. Orleans sight do 1 per cent, advance. j Iowa. The St. Louis Hepubliean of the 7lh corrects an error into which it had fallen on the lith relative lo the aggregate uuiiiUt nf members ceuipnsiiitf the Legislature of Iowa. The Senate is composed of l!; the lloute ;t!'; total, 5r. Of this number, the Wluifs have elected, according to the St Louis returns, 10 ; thai gives them the majority nn joint ballot, even if all the other districts should go for our opiioueiits. Hayttm Journal. Tho Washington Union says : " Gen. Taylor himself has called for no more vnluntecrea to be drawn (Yoin the si vera I Slates; and with the secession of tho' whom he has said to have sent for from the banks of ihe Hio Grande, he will have J'.isat picked men, and leaving, ton, severn I thousand effective men at the posts on the river." " A Litti.k Lit a m so," Ac True copy of a letter received by a schoolmaster near Montrose: "Cur, as you arc a man of mdegs, intend lu inter my son in- to your skull. I am," Ac. From tlie Cincinnati Atlas, Kducutiou in Ohio We were much in pressed with the truth of the re mark of Gov. Mom: r.Aii, in his address, on Tuesday evening, before the Young Men's Library Association, that, in lilts age of physical improvement, too little attention is paid to the great and permanent cause of educatioit. 1 bat in our race to excel each other in Railroads, Turnpikes, Canals, Steamboats, Tele graphs, speculation and money. making, we seem to overlook the cultivation ol what is of vastly more importance than all these the proper Ira 1111111'. edu cation, and culture of the human mind particularly ol the rising generation. 1 Hal our Inn-lathers bestowed much more care and attention to this vital subject than the present generation that universal sutl'rage, and universal education and in lei lure nee should go together ; that no people are til for sell gov ernment without it, and tiial the institutions, which we so much prize, cannot be sustained if we neglect it. This is a self-evident truth, and has so often been repeated and assented to by every intelligent statesman, that it may bo considered a political axiom. It h is been acted upon as a fundamental principle in New England and many of the older Stales of the Union from their foundation, as the corner stone of republican liberty. Deeply impressed with its truth, Ohio was the first. and we believe the only State in tlie great Mississippi Valley, to establish by legislative authority, and direct taxation, a broad and universal system uf education. Our sy.ilc in ol Iniiiiiiuii Schools was established by an act passed in l'i.'i, and had its origin tn the same uhetitened policy which, at t fie same session, laid the foundations o It hose great internal improvements, since accomplished, wlnrh have so rapidly developed the re sources of our Stale. Since its adoption, Ihe system lins been regularly progressing and improving, until it has become a favorite of the people, and will, it is ho'ted, ere long become the pride and glory of the Slate. ll becomes the duty nf our Lririslaturc, and should form the study of all the friends id' education and who is not ? to improve and perfect the system to tho utmost practicable extent. V hat can be done lo client this ' It appears lo us, that a State Sll'EHINTENDENT auda General IIOAKU OF EDUCATION arc 11. dispell sable to the proper organization, management, right instruction, unity, and eihcieni action ot the tuiniinin Schools throughout the State. Such a board would have the power as it would lie their duty to ascertain the condition of the Schools, to observe and point nut the existing defects, to suggest the proper reme dies and improvements, to gather more perfect statistics, snd alnive all, to arouse public and individual attention to this moat important of all sublunary concerns.We would therefore recommend to the next Legis lature to appoint a competent and loaloua Superintendent, whose duty it shall be to visit every part uf the State, gather all the information in his power as to the present condition of our Schools, and report to Ihe next legislature the best plan for the organization of a General Board of Education, defining their du ties, Ae. The Board need not bo expensive. Tho Superintendent, who should be a man of talent, energy and experience, snd who should devote bis whole time tn his arduous duties, should receive a fair compensation for Ins services. But the local members of the Board who should l selected lor their ten) in the cause of education, and who would not be called upon to devote much of their time in the discharge of their duties, would not ask or require much compensation.At all events, a voice from every part of the Stato demands the appointment nf a Superinte rtdant,snd demands to know why Ihe nlhVe was abolished, lender the adiiiimsiralion of Mr. lew is, it is universally admitted, that much good was done many evils corrected, and public attention turned to the importance ol pulibo education. Our older and more experienced sister r tales, Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, A ., hive long since found the necessity, and acknowledged the ad vantages of tins general supervising power m their system of public instruction They liavo selected tiieir ablest and best men as Superintendents an office not inferior in dignity to any other in Ihe State. Let Ohio follow their bright example, and as she is sinbi tioiii to excel in every Hung crest and Hood, let ll t her system of education tie the least of her glories. Lite in the Army n ltich Letter from a Volunteer. The correspondent of the N.O. Picavuno was the fortunate person who received the following extracti irom "a private journal ol a private, 1 hey must be read to be appreciated : Special Correspondence. MONTF.HKV. AlKXICO, Oct. 3. IHIti. Gkhtmcmeh 1 have been placed in possession of n journal hy a private who gallantly volunteered to fight lor ins country, and came out with the Louisiana troops in May last. He afterwards enlisted for twelve months, and has been in the battles at this place, where ho behaved very well. I send you tome scraps from this remarkable production, which I copy without changing a single letter or point, omitting, however, Ihe author's name, in order to save his modesty, this auiiauie finality heme a characteristic of literary merit. Our hero left on tho J3th of May, ond speaks of utc pnniiui event mus: " On departure from . We Beheld Aired fath ers Weeping for their Chidren At tho samo time Encouraging them to go forward and do their duty that uiey erc no Jicuerilian f athers that lust Went Ue- fow them, it Was a tender Seen to See So Many of uiu youiu 01 me nower ot the Uountry leaving their homes brothers Sisters and Lovers, forsaking all that Whs dear to their hearts it Was a Seen that Mivht have Made the Stoutest heart have Went. When Once the writes of A free peoplo was insulted the Spirits of Seventy Six Hising in all its Vigour every .nun Hiunvu upon 111s leuow vuizens as a iiroirier. His voynce lo Point Isabel is described in irlowinir terms, but 1 must pass over it to more exciting scenes. He speaks very highly of his captain and of the ardor of his comrades, particularly when they landed : "the tumult nud Hustle that existed durimr their departure is indiscrilmble Every heart was transported m-yona tne jiounus ui ilea son. We are all Safely on Land Once More the Scenery is delii-hiful we are now on A Sand Plnin every thing is bigness and Hustle persueitig their difereul kind of Business Some Swimming Some fiahitiir and other kinds Amusement." On the tfMh May ho says: "We have forcot to Mention instance took place on the twenty Eiirhth their was a Woman Volunteered her Self in the Company of young hickrys dressed in uniform and took tier post in the Lines With a inuskii tin patriotism that existed with Our ancient Mothers Slill Exists at the present liny:' On the oth June, our Journalist arrived at what he terms "a Natural military position. On the way wee Saw a nulurul Curiosity it was A frog with horns and A tail About nine in tlie mormnir wee arrived at the place where wee now Are it is a natural position." After a very interesting march up the Hio Grande, the writer says : " r rom my hrsi journey in mexico 1 will rive a description of tho country that wo past the Country is very thinly in habited. It is one extensive plain with out A tree or scrub it is very rich and fer tile it produces Caau Pepper in A biiudsuce Spontain- ously also touiatices Sjmntainously Coffee Growes here in one word it is one of the tiest Countries that I ver saw Mules nnd Jacks in A bundauco Stock of All kinds does well here. He says that " A Dutch 1110 ire r" struck a man when his hands were tied, which oughtcr Dam him (the miner ) politically p.rever. There are a few sentences that must be copied : "On the Nineteenth 1 passed my time in ureal Amuiemcnts. I visited my friends and spent some pleasant Amusement a thing occurred there is a Ant in Mexico that cmues nut in June snd fites as hard as the A inericans, they role themselves up in Small lumps ami slings one Another to Death it is a Seen that will make Any man r.xrlami oh Liberty how many crimes is committed in thy Natnn to see so many men in the guard house there is nine in the puard house." fjoth. "(his Day there were Seven hundred men arrived from Kentucky grate starvation in Ihe camp." uiir triend notes down a greut many mterestiuir oc currences as he goes up to Mnlamoros speaks without reserve to some of the officers mentions two charges upon 11 Watermilliou Paches" in one of which they were " very Success ful," is sick recovers, and finally readies Matauioros. 17 th July, All who wold not sine for twelve months was to be Sent home it Cawsed grate Joy in our camp." iilsl. "This inorniiiir there is Starvation in our ramp the soldiers has lo steal or Perish this is a sol- ilier s life." ii.lrd. "this cveninjr I wenl to a Spanish fandan go for which I was put under gard that Liberty that in Joyed in my own native State, I, Am Deprived of And am under the power of tirauis I Am A soldier and must put up with it the time will come when 1 will be a tree man. But my hero enlists for twelve mouths, with two of Ilia tn.iijuUiB : "all retoised in inv Spunk too of mv company Joined with nice they ore of Spunk their names will stand first on the pages of history." Our friend was on the Enterprise when she blew up, and had a narrow escape. " I was Inly Complemented by our Captain for my good fortune and lucky .. ..... . Hut 1 must close these interesttnir extracts, merely adding an incident which I witnessed, as I stood with in a tew paces o our journalist when it occurred 011 the morning of the if 1st Septer niter : " Wee Started to take our position and as sonn as it was lite wee was Saluted with one of their bums that past rite over our Company." " wiiiie wee was halted A Lannon ball came and 1 1 Was Sittinir Down al the rot of A tree A A Cannon I bull came and Struck At the root of the tree it strurk A rock it flew up and struck me on the buck And nocked me Down and wee was ordered In march out of Danger of this Cannon on the top of A mountain to look out," etc., etc. I am flippy to state that our gallant friend was not killed, but is m good health and spirits, though annoyed occasionally by the restrictions to which a free and enlightened citizen has sometimes to submit when he volunteers to yield un hit freedom and become a sol dier. ! Mil. Jos f I'll T. Bei KlNiilMM, editor of the Huston Courier, csudidnle of the Whins of Middlesex Co, (he residing al Csmbridge,) for State Senator, lie i rig interrogated by some Industrial Heliirmers,' as to his opinions on certain isms of theirs, winds up by telling them that lie tins never given any pledges, and adds : in their general character, I hey are traps set by tho enemy of souls to augment the number of his subjects. I would rather tie ihe slave of a planter, driven tn his tm in the morning hy the whip of his driver, and writhing under its lacerations at nght, than a Senator, wdh underHlnndintr in chains and action controlled by foregone conclusions.' From Ihe ilaltimore American. 1 Kiploding Cotton. This newly invented explosive. Ihe discovery of which is claimed by several saraas of Europe, is attracting much attention just now. Prof. Orro, of Brunswick, Germany, one of the claimants fir the honor of having invented th explosive, gives the following directions for making ihe preparation : for making exploding cotton the common well- cleaned staple must be dipped in highly concentrated and nf saltpeter, (the arid which I use is made by uisiiiimg 11-n pans 01 arieu saiiHtre, and six pans oil of vitriol or sulphuric acid ;) then it is put into fresh water, which is often changed, and care must be taken to loosen thoroughly the cotton, which, from the process, becomes malted ; after which, it must be well dried. Thus the exploding article ia in a state uf preparation tor the gun-barrel. l ro. u. then adds The effects of this article astonish everr body who witnesses them. Tho smallest ousntity explodes witli the quickness of fulminating quicksilver-powder, if strucR with a hammer on an anvil. If put into a gun, a smaller quantity in weight will do as much execution as gunpowder. It is used precisely in Ihe same manner as gunpowder a piece of paper being necessary between il and the ball orshot, as in ordinary-tiring. The ignition is always certain from the explosion of a percussion cap. From another report on the subject, made by Prof. Otto, after further investigations, we taae the follow ing extracts : It seems that nn other acid than that procured bv the distillation of ten onrts of saltnclri. and bis narim 01 on 01 ritnoi, win eniuer iioii raw eoiion us explo sive power, iiydriaie ot nitric acid (sal peter saurehy-driat) dissolves Ihe cotton. In good proper acid, Ihe cotton becomes transparent, and the fibre is not injured or dissolved. The acid by distillation first procured is best. Cotton dipped into it for half a minute, and then iiuickly pressed between glass plates, or boards, sud washed afterwards until it is entirely free from aeid. and subsequently dried, produces a superior exploding article, tising the acid a second time, an inferior article is made ; but if after having been washed and ' iirieu 11 is sgain ilippeu into the acid, it oecnincs excel-1 lent. A reiirtiliou of the manipulation necessarily augments tlie exploding quality. Cotton may even remnin in me acid longer than a hall s minute. Thai which has laid in it as long as twelve hours was found to be very explosive. u It is important that the cotton he well washed when it is taken out of the acid ; for if any remains in it, a saltpetre flavor will attach lo it when dry, and when exploding will leave on am thing white an acid tincture. The vivid explosion of a small ball of the article on a white china plate, is the criterion to test its good quality by. It must Hash like gunpowder, and leave no dust behind it. If a particle even ia seen it cannot be used in guns. It also appears lo le necessary that the cotton, after having been dipped into the acid aiid pressed, be immediately put into a isrge quantity o water. II the cotton be put into an insufficient quantity of water, it (the cotton) gets heated ; and small quantities of cotton are also preferable; for, if targe, it forms into knots of a bluish green color, which are so firm, as not lo be easily loosened. The more the prepared article resembles Ihe one in its natural state, Ihe better and more powerful it is. With 5-4th or (i tl list nf a eran 40 grans equal to nn English ounce balls nf inch diameter were driven through bnnrds one inch thick. With (i grans a bullet was driven from a nlle, at a distance of 45 steps, into an oak plank, to the depin o in men ; ami, with four or five grains, effectual shots have been made with fowling pieces. The more readily the cotton explodes, the greater the care to he token m handling it." Common gunpowder, for which this discovery is intended lo be a substitute, it must be recollected, is composed of 75 parts of inlre, I ft of charcoal and 10 of sulphur. The sulphur readily ignites and Hres the c lis renal, generating sufficient best to convert the solid nitre into a gas of many thousand times its bulk thus creating the explosive force, which drives the bullet from the gun. The only use of ihe sulphur is lo convey the flamo with greater rapidity through the mass. It does not possess tho slightest explosive power. Now cotton, being a woody fibre, in an extremely minute state of subdivision, represents charcoal in another form, and when dipped in nitric acid and then immersed in water, becomes impregnated with nitre; or, in other words, it is genuine gunpowder, with ils in limn ma Mr nature for ignition, carbon or charcoal for generating hem, nnd nitre for explosion. Inasmuch ss cotlon is probably a purer carbon than charcoal, and nitric acid is known to furnish oxygen with more ra pidity than nitre itself.these materials arc, undoubtedly, better calculated to generate a more rapid and complete combustion than the materials winch enter into the composition of gunpowder. Having thus given the reader on account of tho manner in which the explosion is made, we append a notice of some experiments made with it at the War Office a few days ago, at which tho President nnd his Cabinet were present. Tim preparation nar-d wn that sent to President Polk by Prof. Shonbein. The Union says The envelope being unsealed, a mass of cotton, of a deeper yellow tinge than common, presented itself, and weighing about (id or 70 grains. Col. Talcott, tho neuo 01 me wrnuance Jlureati, and Mr. Uobcrlsnn, American Consul at Bremen, proceeded to make some experiments. A small uuuutitv of the nreoared col- ton was laid upon a while sheet of paper. When touched with another piece of paper, on tire, the cotton instantaneously exploded, producing a small volume of smoke, and leaving slight stains with verv small particles on the paper. Tho best gunpowder w men expioneu. u prouucca more smoke nnd leu larger stains thus showing that the combustion was more complete in tho former than in the lalter case. A small quantity of cotton wob then thrown over sumo grainsuf gunpowder, hut both exploded together. In Hits respect, as well as in tlie stains uuon uaoer. Ihe teats faded. On applying to the tongue these narticles. which were left upon nancr by the combustion of cot ton nlone, it presented the alkaline taste showing that the fluid in which the cotton hud been immersed was not completely prepared a portion of the potash from tho nitre had been deposited in the vessel, and in dipping tho cotton into it had imbibed some of the alkalie, or some of ihe nitre itself. Upon Col. Talcott's putting some of the cotton into n gun, with a cap on, au explosion took place with comparatively little noisu. On binding the gun a second time with about ten grains uf the cotton, wnd of paper upon it, and a ball and another wad upon them, (he gun was fired with a smart noise. It was discharged from the upper window of the Wsr Office, and aimed nt the Navy Oflice, about forty yards distant. The uaii warn lounu suoui eigui yards Irom the basement of tho Navy Otlice, from which it had recoiled, after making a smart indentation in the stone wall; and bo great was the force with which it hud gone and rebounded, that when it was picked up it was found considerably flattened and mashed. It is evident, however, that the cotton was not prepared in the best manner. Mr. Hobertson is olmut to have a certain quantity of the raw material (say twen ly-five pounds) manufactured in tho most scientific manner, and further experiments are to be made at the arsenal with tho delicate machinery which tests the force of gunpowder. We shall take care that these experiments be duly reported. There is -mother feature in the history of tins discovery, which it may not be amiss lo allude to in this connection. Mr. Peter Von Schmidt, a Hussisn by birth, and now a resident of the United Stales, exhibited to the Editor of the Union on Monday last some experiments with cotton, which hod been used five years ago ss a pot-fire 111 the Hussian army. It appeared like raw cotlon made up into small balls, and exploded either by applying a spark to it, or a drop of concentrated acid ; but the combustion was not as rap id as gunpowuer. l gave out much smoke in its explosion, and left many stains on white paper, thus showing, as Mr. Von S. remarked, that the elements of the combination were not properly united, or were not in the proper proportion. One of the experiments is thus described by the Editor of the Union : With about five grains of his preparation Mr. Schmidt loaded a smnll revolving pistol, nnd with a prrciisamn cap nreo a nan at the distance ol eighteen feet. Tlie ball perforated two planks, each one snd a half inch thick, made s largo dent in a third plank, and fell to the ground quite flattened. The report was cpiite loud, and the impulsive force very strong. Ala distance of thirty feet, a similar ball perforated both sides of an empty flour-barrel, and buried itself in tho ground. It is a very remarkable circumstance, lhat, Becoming to the positive assurance ot Mr. Von Schmidt, the elements nf his preparation are entirely dttl'ercrt from those nf the compound prepared by Messrs. Shonbein and Otto, the German saruus, in the possession of Mr. Hobertson, of Bremen. Tho llighls of Labor. "Tur. Rm.hts ok Labor, " by Calvin Cotton, author of the " Life and Times of Henry Clay," "Ju-nms Tract," Vc. Published by A. ti. Barnes it Co., New Yoik. The following notice of this work, which appeared in the Hepubliean, Springfield, Mans,, the iii'th ull., is, we are informed, from Hie pen of tho Hon. Win. H. Calhoun, late member of Congress, and now President of the Senate of Massachusetts : This is the first contribution, which we have seen, in this form, to what wo have long regarded as the true view of Political Institutions. The title indicates the object and scope of the work. Labor lies at the foundation of every thing amongst us : and it should be conspicuously regarded in every system ol public economy. How has Ihe fact been ? We have always lieen in the habit nf receiving nur lessons on the sub ject from sbroad, and have taken our views of the la bor from tlie blighting cxjHTieiicc of the old world. The lessons which have been inculcated in our schools, colleges, &c. have therefore been such as are not ad spied to the circumstances in winch this nation is placed. The first chapter of this work commences with a definition of labor "the application of the powers and devices of man, to supply the wants and gratify the desires of the race." The fundaments principle of the work is this Labor is capital." This, it Will be seen al once, is entirely at variance with the com. monly received notions. Labor is regarded by the foreign writers, who have always been allowed to furnish us our lessons, ss a mere power, like horse-power or any other brute force; and is almost universally spoken of and commented on, as if it were a mere physical operation ; and National wealth is declared to be the result of material products. The usual theory on this subject, is derived from a state of society not now to be found ; al least not found so originally ; we mean the feudal system. The tenure nf tho great mass of the people throughout Europe is, indeed, substantially the same as under the old system ; it is tho service rendered by Ms many in Ihe form of manual labor, for the benefit, ar.d to promote the objects, ot the, Vie, whe possess what passes as capital. From this capital sn equivalent is paid, called wages: but the ides of wages is substantially not to be distinguished from the equivalent which the farmer gives to his horse or ox for the service which the beast renders. The man laborer receives money to pun-hose food, clothing and lodging the horse laliorer or the 01 laborer receives his food, clothing and lodging outright. And in Europe Ihe great science on the subject has been, and is now, to find out the least that will answer tins purpose. " Labor capital, ' snys tho writer In-fore lis, ia Ihe parentofill oilier capital. " It is more profitable than any Mhcr capital. " In the United Stales the laborer would think he did budlv, if he could not )sy up 50 per cenl. of his wages.'' Labor may therctorr be said to lie worth 5(1 per cent. Frugal laborers often make il worth more, and soon obtain, in addition lo their capital of labor, other capital laid up and put to use constituting Ihe nucleus of a fortune the foundation of wealth. Six per cent, is considered as a good use for IllOlieV Slid nllier vrotffl rnnilal M-)inn llif an. rings of IslHir are often from 50 to 75 per cent, of its wages." Labor capital, this writer adds, is the source of all wealth ; it is the property nf the lalmrcr, and therefore inalienable. It is bound In share in the bur dens of Society. And, finally, it his a claim to protection from Society. It does not come exactly within Ihe scope of this writer to develoH? another gn at principle, which ia overlooked entirely in Ihe European system of public economy the operations and bearings of the principle of education. From Ihe idea of labor, as understood abroad, which we hive just adverted tn, education must of necessity be excluded, as much as it is fmin the ox and the horse, These are subjected to a kind of training ; snd sn is the man laborer but not to education. Now, in the application of tins science to our American institutions and circumstances, education is the crowning element. It is intelligence which makes labor capital the parent of sll other capital, and more profitable thin any other. And this intelligence must flow from the education, not of the mind only, but pre-eminently of the heart. The laborer, wlmhss enjoyed the Wtietits of a sound, moral, intellectual, and physical education, is the complete man. And he it is who rises, from whatever obscurity, to any pin uncle upon which he fixes Ins eye. Trace hsek the men of our country, who have been eminent in honor, in public service, m wealth Ihey are found almost universally to have begun with a mnd heads and hearts, and these only, 'firs is a grest principle 111 Ihe science of public economy, so far ss it relates In American society, which has (s en most disastrously overlooked; it ib totally nt war with Hie system usually laiiubl, which stands upon the basis of material products. We have no time to go into a full examination nf this important work ui Mr. Col ton, just now. We have alluded only lo the first chapter; nnd it consists of twenty-three chapters. Hut we desired lo give our readers a view of the ground work. Mr, Coltoii gives the true contrast, as it npieirs to us, Wiwc n labor m EunqieBU, and tit her countries, nnd labor in the United Stales, when he design-tics the former as Ihe amt of potrcr the Utter, as an independent agtnt. T ue dis tinction will bo obvious to every one who thinks. Kreedmn and free institutions make the difference. Mr. Colton condenses into a brief section, some truths on this important subject, which we have endeavored to explain and illustrate in several articlci during tlie past season ; " This republican empire was founded on labor, and was intended to be sustained by it. The fathers of the country were working men. The mothers and their daughters worked. They clnimed the right of supplying their own wants, by their own arts, industry and loil. This right wos denied by the mother country. They asserted it by force, and acquired it by victory. The policy of their oppressors was to keep the wagea "f A'nem'n.ri Ubor down to the European level, by prohibiting the manufacturing arts and profitable com merce, and by confining the neotile of ihe eolonica to us few vocations as possible, chiefly agricultural, thus making and holding them dependent. The great object of the American revolution was to vindicate the rights uf Air, which, with the American lathers, comprehended all other valuable rights.' 1 he object of this work of Mr. Colton ia to brine into view the argument for e protective policy in the unitea cnnies, 11 commences witn elementary truths. It is replete with historical and statistics) fuels. It places the rights of American lubor on a foundation, from which they cannot bo moved. It presents tho American system of protection to home industry against the competition of that foreign labor, which we have descriled, with a force which cannot be withstood. The work is written admirably, in a clear, plain, and vigorous style perfectly adapted to Ihe humblest capacity and yet a style which cannot fait to plensethe most fastidious taste. I he language ii pure rmgiisi) ; me argument is eminently American. We never have seen this great question of the protec tive policy so well handled, and so convincingly en- iorceu, as 11 is ny nir. voiion. lie has the happy faculty of saying a vaBt deal in a few words. "The llighls ot Labor is just the book that is needed at this moment. The thoughts of the People are directed to the subject as Ihey never have been before. Tliey need only to see the truth in the simp lest form, as it is here presented, to be convinced be j ond a per-ndventurc. This book is a sound manual, which should be found in every work shop nud every farm house ia the land Wo commend it especially to our young; men, who nru seeking for information on a great leading topic, not of our country only, but of the world. We are especially thankful to Mr. Colton, that he has given this manual to the public in such a cheap yet attractive form. A quarter of ft dollar will place it in every one s hands. J hose who have means, and wish for a mode of evincing their generosity and patriotism together, can do it cll'-dually by aiding iu the widest distribution of "The Bights of Labor." Household Words. Under this head, the editor of the United States Gaxelte says soma good things in his paper of tlie y-Hh ult. It would seem that alt lar'c cities contain a large body of industrous people particularly females who are unable to earn a living. The prut of labor will not pay them for their work. Shirts are mado at ten cents a piece, and this of itself is proof that there art) too many women employed in making them ; so when fe 111 ales will trim shoes and find themselves, for a dol lar a week, it is certain thai there are too many want ing to bind shres. llcusoiimg thus the editor proceeds: Now. whatia the remedy? for, ss Sancho I'ania snys, "there is a remedy for every thing but death." We cannot suppose that are too many women, or too great a proportion of that sex; these matters are all well arrsnged oy nature, so tnaievery jack has its "jilt. Some thing, however, is out of place ; tlie balance is lost, and thoso who want to apply a remedy, must see where the deficiency is. It strikes us tint the plethorv in the needle denart- inent of female labor, is at the expense of the house hold demand, and that a morbid sense of personal importance, or an incorrect appreciation of the position of household assistants, has tended to send thousands and thousands of femsles to the tailor shops, the hatter shops, and the shoemaker shops for work, who really could earn an excellent living for themselvest nnd have a respectable position, by accepting a place in families. In the whole column of instances now before us, we see no statement of any one earning more than from ten to twenty cents a day, when work is plentiful, and at that price, working from sun rise until ten o'clock, and even Inter, with little change of position, and of course, without the exercise absolutely necesssry to neann, besides having to nnd tuel, lood, and bouse rent. Now we appeal to housekeepers, whether there it" not a constant demand for gimd kelps, for cooks, chambermaids, and child's nurses, and this ate rate of from ft 1 ,50 to $'. a week, and, of course, the food and all i-1 He but clothes found, so lhat at least (75 a year ia 'arned, from which only the cost of clothing is to bo deducted. We shall be told, undoubtedly, that a vast manv ol those who serk the kind of needle work to which we allude, sre widows who, having children, are unable to leavo them, in order to do housework fr others This is undoubtedly Ihe case ; and, therefore, that channel of business should not be crowded wilh those who run find employment in other pursuits, especiallr ' as both the widows and the others sutler by the want of divisions of labors. But, it is said, "living out al service it not sort. ipretuble as doing needle work." W hy is il not ss respectable f It it a pari of respec tability to lie working at an overcrowd' d employment, and to have some people hin d to excite public sym pathy on iN-nsu 01 1 ne lam.n rsr 11, now, domett 10 employment is not so respectable as needle work, might not the former be made so, by the resort thereto of the respectable single women who are half starving al their needles, and are living (we use the stale, incut of their friends) on ihe very verge of vice. ex. posed to constant temptation. What is the real dif- lerence in the respectsbdily of working for Mr. A., the slop-shop keeper, for sixty cents a week, without board, and working fur Mrs. B , the decent house keeper, for f 1,50 a week, with good living and half or a whole holiday every week . In this city, the former existence of sis verv cer- tninly degraded the business of household labor, and me succession 01 pound girls thai loiiowed, a scarcely less reputable kind of bondage, did not do much lo elevate the employment ; Inn now the situation hie become almost tike that of any olher employment, and in compensation as good as any which most female receive, ll would be better if others would consent to try il. And if there is any complaint of bad treatment from employers, nothing would more certainly correct that evil thin the introduction into the labor, torynt families, of good, high spirited girls, who know their duly, and are ready tn perforin it. Wo think that house-keepers complain far less of improper man ners in gins enpsme 01 good house wot k, than in those who are stupid, clumsy and untaught. One good lo impluyers is certainly resulting from the withdrawal of so many capable persons ftom domestic Islmr, via: Families will learn in Philadelphia, to do ss they have lesrned to do, and ae they do now, in Boston. They will learn to do their own house work, with little or no help; and young ladies, whose fathers are Issuing for a good living, will not ho ashamed to confess, or rather will be proud to boast thai they are comment, by constant practice, to discharge sll the duties nf a house-keeper. There are in Philadelphia, we imagine, ten male and female house a.is islsnts, where there ia one in Boston ; and in Boston, the house-work is certainly quite as well done. But to return lo the firmer stale of affaire. If per- mis do no lind needle-work to support them, let them try other work suited to their sex and condition. Elevate by mini conduct and good manners, lbs ne employment, and in a very short time it will be ae respectable to do house-work as shop. work; and a well-to-do mechanic will find 011I lhat his help meet will be belter chosen, for culinary and household Knowicngr, man tor shinty lo sell silks, or sew shoes. And the abstraction of fifty per cent, of the annlieania for needle work, will be tlie true way lo augment the wages 01 ihe remainder, and increase tlie respectabil ity of the pursuit. lit Li ra. Col. Ormsby, of the Lonitville presented from Cel. Hog, rs, Ihe editor of the uis ville Journal, a box ot cigars, taken at Monterey. If not high flavored, they are plessant. Thev air like "plantation " cigars. But our neighbor irih. his H-rienco of Ihe Monterey cigars slier the following fashion : Lsst evening, as we ssl smoking one of thesw riv- and musing upon Ihe great siidcxcttingrvents which it was calculated tn bring lo mind, wo nil urn I ty became lost in revery. We yielded ourselves lo dreamy aberrations unhi we fancied ourselves in the midst of the bat lie of Monterey. The vapor, curling slowly over our head, seemed to our imagination the sulphurous smoke of camion, and every noise from without sremed Ihe rushing sound of squadrons charging through streets tilled with the dying and dead. The scene before our mental eye wns truly 1 terrific one, but we did'hl run we kept nur post like t hero. Nr.w Hah. Hoau Ismtiov Mr. Joseph Grenell has invenlrd and patented an improvement in the method of constructing Uie mils of llailrosds, which promises to reduce the eost and at the same lime in res sc tin ir stability and security The plan, among olher sdvantagea, shows of the same rail being used on mte edge first, and when that is worn, to lm versed from nide In side, and when worn on one sur laee o 1m changed lop and bottom, and again n vers- eu; ny hub ne lias lour weatiog aides, or suilnces, to one mil. The mode of fastening the ends ot Ihe rails together strikes us ss stlordiih- jx-rlrri M-ciiniy sgninst looseness. Tiik Si a-TitrAMiu t.,.v. Bop. k, the Assistant Tressiirer, spp"inlid as a h ward for Ihe r at with which he nptncd tho scheme, rvtnri- thai tm specie lis t een taken in by the Sub Tressmy, but (but Mr. ttlker hits, l n Ate Hwdlt.