Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1844), 1845-08-21

              THE OHIO STATE JOURNAL. VOLUME IX. COLUMBUS, THURSDAY, AUGUST 21, 1845. NUMBER 19. rUDLlSllF.D ON TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS AND SATURDAYS, BY CHARLES SCOTT &CO. OfPICI souUi-eiut corner of High sirecl ltd Sugar alley. TKKMS. Daily iluriiig tin- sisi(in ol (lie Legislature, and tn-weeklv iUv miiaiink-r 0. the year Jo 00 Tri-weekly p6f aiimtui 4 00 Weekly per annum 'I 00 l' i hm of ittrrrtitittg. Twelve lines or lesvt one ir three insertions, $, an'' 25 rents Cor each kdditHMtl iiisrrliuii for three nioiilhs $5 (or six moallM II lor twtln mtiulhs .'! Longer advertisements in the name proportion, with a deduction ol ill) pur rent, on die iiinotmt over jJiiO in six months. The iiumiImt of insertion., must lie marked al the end of all advertisements, or they will Iu continued until ordered out, and charged accordingly. MSy Ihr lVar. Tor twelve lines fit fourth of a column 5'0 hall't column ,.tll w hole r oluinn $40 .UlSO.Uf VI I. IMIt IS .,-. Regular mentins at 1 o'clock, I'. M. CoM'Mnrs LoOSI Id ami Itli Tueaduvs of each month. J'ol.UMUtis Cinprf.lt, Ut Saturday of each month, 'oi ' inn i Council, l-t Friday of each month. M r. VMROI EftOAIIFMlItT, Inst Saturday of each month. B4H1K AKI KM. I'll', Surgeon Vruiiit; Co-i.umbu.s. O The undersigned inform their friends and the .'.iMic.that they are prepared lo execute allorders in the line ol their profession, nt iho shorteal notice, and Ul'ON the LATEST and MOST APPROVED PRINCIPLES. TF.KTII. from tot to a full set, inserted OH GOLD PLATK uoou the prinriplo ol Atmosi-ii k hu PRMIVMi Having recently uiiide a very important invention in the art of adapting the Plate, to the QMM, which tMtbkrl u to warrant i'lntu work in all MMf to answer the purposeii of inasli- ralion. nud in point of duralulity, neatuensof fit, hih! elegance ol liuisli. sqaU il not siipermr in unv other estHliliHlimeiit. EXPOSED ISKHVKS destroyed without pain l.y a II a v plication. Diseases of the Teeth and (iutus cured. Teeth filled, in almost every instntice without pain, cleaned, ami set on pivot, nud waiihantM) pkuhankht. (I f Charges so moderate that Hentaloperations arc placed wilhin the means, of every person. RIV IRIMOIl Gov, iMordecni .turtle)', llou. Satn'l (inlloway, Hon. J. V. Rilev, Col. Sam'l Medary, Dr. Carter, Columhus. Dr. Win. R. Murdoch, Springfield. O. (it'll. A. II. Patterson, Delaware, O, Isa;ic J. Allen. Ks.p, Mansl'ield, O. C. R. Doming, Ashland, Richlaud CO., O. Judge Choate. Milan, (. Pill Cook, Ks., Sandusky Cily, O. (jeorge Allen, L'ireluville, (. JanlL.d (y To thi i'rofrition. We keep on hand a large stock of Dr. Ai.ror k's PHK-MIUM TEETH, WRkh woill sell at his New V..rk prices. ( itinmeiil upon the unality ol these 1 eelh is deemed super fluous. AAlso, on l.iind, COLD nml KII.VF.lt PLATK. rolled to flKiv thickness ; GOLD and SILVF.lt HOLDERS, and TKLD, SILVER and TIN FOIL, of auperior (iialily; and n superior arlirle of WASH for Diseaed (iums. with TOOTH POWDJSR8 of various kinds, as low as can he huughl elsewhere in the Stale. JOHN W. HAK Fit, WM. WILTSHIRE RILEY, Surgeon and Mechanical thntittt. Office one door north of the Ned House, Columhus, Ohio. Novtt. IHH. .t wly. S I IIO fl is & CO, FortvnrriiiiK nml oiiirni" -ion ITJrrrhniilN A- (Jcnrral Produce Ornlrra, Agents for N. York and Buffalo Lake Boat line; John Allen's Clinton line, and Ohio and N. York line, on the Krie Canal; 'I'. Richmond Co. 's Diamond Line, on the Ohio Canal. Whilo Ware-House, West end Sio)o Undge, Columhus, Ohm. liefer to Messrs. Cowing, Richmond, Williams &. Co. ,N . Y.Ctly. Kinnr. Ddfil A Co.. BulValo, New York. " tliirdon, WillianiH Co., Dotfoh, Michigan. " Tluimas Richmond Co., Cleveland, Oil. A. t'.nlwallader II 'o., .anesville.Ohio. " Young At Filch, Newark, Ohio. J. V. Finlcv - Cn.,Circlevillo,Ohio. Mr. M. It. Bartlett.'Chillicotlie. Ohio. Messrs. Conway A, Rohinson, Portsmouth, Ohio. " J. Ridgway Co., Thos. M lie. Em.. Cashier. Columhus, Ohio. fTT'Liheral advances will be made on all Consignments, if r -ou.red. May 1, 181. .if. IN KW KNTAKUMIMKNT.-tiFOHKU .PUOH- (per t lul I uilorint the riiiens of Columhus aud vicinity tha- oprier, I iit nml Wheel lrn ware aianiiiacnirer, rei he has opened a slion on llign street, live ooors nomn ot Town sircel, where he will Iteep constantly on nana a fu I land general assortment of I in are. All kinds Conner work made to order. Tin (.tillers, Leaders and Kooiiug inadein goodstyloby e iperienced workman. Ordersthankiully received and puncluallyallendcdlo. Particular altfliitioa given tujotibing. CotaabMpJawtlj 1 1 ' Sill i: It Ml I II nnd Jrwellrr Rrinarr!. Ihe MbotflbOf has removed his eslalililimenl neildoor lo Mr. hlmeider's Confectionary, opposite the Cily House , here w ill keep on hand a good assortment of Wlclie, Jeweler. &f which he will nM verv rheap, It. .airing of all kinds attended lo oa the shortest notice, and all work warranted. As the lollllllfhor is determined to sclllnwer than any body elue, ami do his work better ami cheaper than any oilier person, he hopes to receive a share of patronage. The pui.licare invited to call, and be lalisficd by seeing for themselves. kL BUCK. May lH I (1 Ift I - Ii r ,tl.Kl.'V4. Tha subscriber respectfully J informs his friends and the puMie that h continues lo earry on ihe Cabinet making business al his shop on High street, hetween Town and Rich streets, and lias always ol hand, and will mnkn I., wdW, nil kinds ol furniture, which he will warrant eijiial lo anv oflVrrd in the pUrc. II ;'ll hn nn nrellr.l IIK.BUB, and is prepared lo make COFFINS an. I allenu Funeral, on Ihe shortest lotire. olhiiH nt nil kino, kept on roinn .. . . .i Ordersfor any arlirlein hisline willm t with promi'l altention. A. W. KF.ADF.R. Co'umlnis, Nov. 8 lat'. .dif I VI UIIIMI HIIOK sl ORi:. -John Joans, would respectfully announce to ihe cilirens of Columluis and Vic i ii 1 1 v . 1 1, ;it h., has remove'l Irom llie surn ol me iioiiien Itool. lo his old stand on Mich street, near the roraer of Knend. where he ha. on hand ihe lamest as.orlment of I'rison .3.l.. I'.. ...i. ami sl,o, .i,w iii the rliv. which he offers for s.ile wholesale or relail. nl nnees to suit the limes Counlry merehanls would do well lo call and eiamine his stoek, before purehasing elsewhere. The ('rail may always be supplird with Leather, and all kinds nf Findings and Kit, bv ending at Ihe Oiamand SKnt effort. Parlicularatlenlion paid to ruling orders from abroad. N. B. Custom Wark and Repairing donelo order on the hortcst possible notire. Feb. 17, 1844. pW.NTINU HLKAND . WISWA LI. continue Ihe Tainting business in all its various branrhes. Room in Kxrhange Block, Sd story, over (iere's Iron Store. Signs in every style of letters, on Ihe shortest notice Imitations of wood and martde in a superior aisle. Transparent Window Curtains, a splendid article, al all prices samples can be tarn al their rooaa. All aork promptly at!ea.!ed lo. AI.IIF.HT DURAND, April 17.. tf. OEO. WI9WALL. A. HUNT, -V5, Afi4 itreet. llotton, Cnmmissiou Mer- chant for Ihe saleof F.sTiis.rss. Liberal cash advances made oa ronsignmeals, anil all sales cashed. Merchants who are in Ihe habit of shipping their Feathers east, and are wishing an ageal in Boston, are respectfully solicited lo avail uWm.elvas ol the opportunity. Refer lo fieorge H. f.ray, Y Co. Btvatoa. " BnlaC-j fc Clalfin. Sew York. " J-.I,-, utilter. Baa . .'.nnbus. Boston. April i, HMS..I w J.V MANSION HOUSE Cincinnati, O., Main it. opj'O site the Cvuit House This Hotel having passed into the hands of the undersigned, is now undergoing a thorough repair throughout the whole estahlishmeul, the refilling hung of the most approved modern style. Bthlf situated in the central pari of the city, il will he nil attractive and convenient stopping place for business MM The proprietor will spare no MUM in mnkiug his guests leel at home. His experience in ihn line during n long residence with his hrother of the American Hotel, Columhus, ., renders il rertaiu lhat the Mansion House will not he interior to any house in (he wesl. Mv old uciiiiauitaiicc are invited lo call and seeme ( nctnnaii, March 13. .if. CHAUNCKY KEL8KY. NOTICE. Having sold my entire slock of Hardware lo IttMrft, QorO, Abbott Al Co., all prison knowing themselves indehled to me will please lake notice, lhat 1 prefer lhat the accounts should he paid lo me. rather limn the proper oilieers. LUCIAM UUTTLKS. We have purchased Mr. Ituttles' ilock of Hardware, and rented the More for a leim of years. In a few days we expect to receive a fresh supply of goods, purchased hy an experienced hand, which will make our slock large and well assorted. We are disposed to sell goods at fair rates, ami invite ibfl former customers of the place, and all purchasers of Hardware, to call at lb sign of the ti.lt Padlock and examine our goods and prices. QERE, ABBOTT fit CO. May I ATWOOD & CO.. No. 121 Mmkel si , Philadelphia, m vile Ihe attention of the meichnnls of Ohio to their slock of FnitKioN ami Domestic DftVGoODf. They are now receiving from ahrond, and from the numerous manufactories in Ihe city and vicinity, great varieties ol goods especially adapted to the western trade. In several desirahle arliclos, they can give important advantages lo their customers, and ihey helieve all their prices w ill he found second to uoue tu cheapuuss. JanSi. . wl-wAullf. IfWM ANDCORSAl FAUTOMV,- Mhh. E. V J. MronLITON will continue the tbOVf hiisiuess, carried on in this city ly her late hushand for ten years past. Thu work will lie executed hy ihe siimu foreman and hands who have lieen engaged in the llopewalkfor the last two years; and the puhlic may hi: insured that all dMfflptrQM ot Hope and Tu tne, Hi d cord. PtoUgh line, c. Iff., Wl he mndu promptly to order and in the snme superior Ml lu which Las heretofore given so much salislaet ' Aug. 13, llIU..lw.lf. "Bookn Hhieh an- Books." Tin: LIBRARY OF CHOICE READING ow ready. No. I. Kolhetl or Travel brought home from the Last. Pr ce 00 els. 2. The Aiuher Witch : ThemoHl interesting trial of Witchcraft ever know n. Price .17 cts. 3. Otrnian Romance, Undine and Sintrnm and his Companions. Price 00 cts. 4. Imagination and Fancy, hy Leigh Hunt. Price .W cts. 5. The Diary of Lady U'illoiighhy. Price 'lb cts. ft. Table Talk: Opinion on Hooks, Men and Things : hy William rltsJHt Part I. PriooS7ct 7. Headlong Hal! mid Night-Mare Abbey. Price .V) els. It. The French in Algiers. Price .17 cts. U. Table Tnlk. Pari 'J. hy W. Ilaxhtt. Price 37 cts. ID. Ancient Moral Tales, from the QotM Romanum. I'nce 37A els. 11. The Crescent and Ihe Cron ; or Romance and Realt ors of Kntern Travel, by Kliol Warhurton, Ls. Pari 1. Price ."d els. It. The Cmn ni nud the Cross. Part 2. Price 00 cts. For sale at ihe PoofcltOff of June iL 1. N. WHITINti ULNTINCiTDN. NEW BOOKS. History of the Popes, from the foundation of the See ol Rome lo A. D. 1708. at U cts., by Archibald Bower, F'.so;., lobe completed in M Noi. Nos.M and 64 VtrjMMtek'l Shakpeate. No. 211 Pictorial Bible. Ancieiil Moral Tales, from the Oesln Roinatioruin. 37J cli. The French in Algiers. 37 els. Headlong Hall and Nightmare AlnVy. 37j cU. Nolei of Travel in F.uropc, Lgypl, and the Holy Land, in 1811 mid liUZ.hy C. O. Ricketls ; I vol. P2mo. History of (iermany, from Ihe earliest period lo ihe present time, hy Frederick Kohlrnosch complete in 5 Nos., at 2S cents each. Just received at J If, RILKY'S. CJAV s. The New York Coninbution- hin F'ire Insurance Company, are read v lo iinure against loss ami damage by fire, in Franklin county, Ohio. I his Company is old nud well established, and numbers amongst n- directors, some of the principal business men of N. York city. DiliF.CToils J. Smvth Rogers, President Jnmes Mc-Bride.John Adams, John Hnggerly. liuhsu C, Verplanck, John Johnson. Joseph Kernochan. John I. Palmer, Henry Parih, Reuben Withers, William Scott, Ferdinand Suydnm, Peter I. Nevius, Richard lrvin, Iv D. HoHNrl, OoOTfO P. Pollen, William Colgate. Lowell Holbrook, Caleb BarMuw, Thomas P. Norris. Robert Colgate. l'he undersigned is the duly authorized agrnt o the fthovo j rompnny, ami t taking insurance al hmoifiee, nexl doorioulh i lining (V. iiuniingion s oijukmitc, hp n'mru. may . .iw-u. . . n wmwin Ct(l.l'Mltl' HAT STOKK Thu lubierita) ! "n J hand, nl Iho Colnnilm. Hal ."lore, a few dour, nonh ol Ihe AmmWM, one of die mosl splendid MbfUUMI of I lul. ever offered in this cily. The nssorlmenl comprises all kinds and i.i prices, from a moil MUmU Heaver down lo die ehuap-csl linn. (iemlemcn who want Hats nrc tnvilcd to eall,partienlarly ton.! who tire lold 111 ihe ltrv (ioods stores Ihnt they ran i;et Hal. there' of Ihe same nin1ilv. cheaper ihnn Ihey ran t.uy Itu-m al the Hut Slores. Many of Ihe Hals offered nt Dry tioods stores are dnmaRed and old fashioned. If any one wnnts swell n Hal. he ran jrol il al n Dry flood, store. Itulit you wnnl n gfod. tJMrjMMVl Hsl one lhal will do you service, and worlh your money, call at Ihe f 'oumftn, Hat Store, and on ran find one lo please on, t'oth in rpintilv and prif e. A 'fine assortment of I.KUllOKX II A TK of diUWMt numbers and prices. Also, llovs and Children'. Kur and LeirhoMi Hals ntidt'aps; and a supply of CI.UTII CAI'S, always on hand. IL;' f ientleiiien will please hear la mind, thai all Hnls purine ed al the Columhus Hal Store are ironed and dressed up without rhnrge. J. K- HLM31I.L. My 6. AW 1MKJKM Iteinirla of Cases arpied and deler- J mined m Ihe RafjhOI F.erlesiastiral Courts, wilh ladles of die eases ami pnnripal mailers, edited t.y Kdward I). In-graham, Ksip . of 'the rhiladelfnsia Har ; in t vols. Kenorts of Cases nmird and determined in the Court of F.iehcuer, nt Law nnd in F.-piily, and in ihe F.srheiuer Chnmtter in F.oioiv and in F.rror. F.dited hv Francis J. s rounai. r.su . 01 ine I iiu'iei,nin nm , ii, ,, hy J. H.MI3ET, Law llooksdler and Hlalioner. June :l. CSTD1' THAT BALL- Inttrtit'mt la than rurlami that oratlier ectwmu Join A. II stsvrf, Itooktnnder, ii de termined lo do all kinds of Itnoktitiidiiiff in the best style, and at lower prire, than has been eharired heretofore in this eity. tie will also keep on nan.l a general assortment o, ,,inm """ -f "" q"l"' " kmus, sucn a. are ,1, genera, Mae. All kind of blank work made up and forwarded on short nonce. a priiirs. VF.I.fF.AL"8 OI'ERATIVF. St RtiF.RY, by De Moil New F.leinetils of Operative Surgery, by Alf. A. L. M. Velpeau, carefully revised, entirely rcmodd lied, and aug-menled with a Trtalise on Minor Hurgery. Illiistrate.t by over 300 Kngravings, incorioraied with the Tast. F'irst American from the lasl Fans Fdilion. Translated by V. S. Townsend, M. I). Augmented tiy the addition of several hundred pages of entirely new mailer, comprising all ihe latest improvements and discoveries in Surgery m America and F.iirope, up to Ihe present lime, t iulrr Ihe suiiervision of, and with .Notes and Observations, by Valentine Molt, M. I). To be completed in 3 vols. Volume 1 is now published. Jusi received and for .ate al Ihe llook.lore of JrsaeSt. I N WIIITINti fc HI NTINCTON tKK.PF.R'S SI RliF.RY NF.W EDITION The Fir.l J Lines of ihe Theory and Trarlire of Surgery, ialkeaaa J Ihe Principal Operations. By Samuel I 'oop. r New F.di-lion with Noles and sVsaaaaaaat, by Willard Parker, M. !., Professor of Surgery in the College of Physirians and Sur- ?eon., in the t'niversily of the Stale of New York, fce. Ate. vols. flvo. Ju.l received and for sale al Ihe Bookstore ol June Jt. I. N. W1IITTNC, Ar. HI' NTINIiTON. FM1MSTIM K'S VF.RMII THE Wholesale nnd re's. I ii die Drug store of J B WHF.ATM Api liii. Cofaer Broad and High sU. OHIO STATE JOURNAL. I -in Ihu Nalinnnl Intelligencer. 11,.,-rituc Hlnmliird. Wc hnvo seen it announced under the hand of Mr. Secretary Walker that "ihe tanlV must he reduced to the revenue standard," and that his chief occupation at present is with Ihe details of the measure. It hecomes important, then, to know what is to be understood by the expression "rtmtnc sttnidartl" which is nhoul as definite as thai of 'Vi jutlirion.lUiriF.n The process of reduction would imply that the present ttiritf produces too much revenue, but it is difficult to believe thut the Secretary is much troubled on this score. The amount of licit revenue from customs for the year ending 110th June, 1844, was twenty-six million) bne hundred and eighty- tlueo thoUMOd dollars. We are not advised what has been the precise amount for the year which has just expired, but, rts we have tho amount in the 1 reasury mi the 1st day ut July, Ir la, somethi ujr ue-low that on baud a year IfO, it is evidenl there Ins bven no excess of revenue during toe fiscal year which terminated on that day. With the various contingencies connected with the annexation of Texas before us. il would seem to be altogether premature to decide that we shall Invo any excess of revenue for the year to come; especially whilst we have a debt of fifteen million., to the extinction of which any surplus may bo applied. It is probahlc that twenty-til millions may be taken as the fair average revenue to be derived from the present tarilf, and it would seem to be quit, time VOotlgll to reduce it when wc find ourselves Iruublcd with an uclual excess.It is true, a certain set of pnliticiatu denounced the tarilf in advance hs too high to proline,' revenue, and prophesied most emphatically that it must be reduced in order to increase Ihe revenue. We do not suppose, nficr our actual experience, that this can be the milling of the Secretary. The experiment would seem to be too hazardous for the head id' the Treasury to be willing to try it. Every one knows that any considerable mcreasu of our imports would produce a crisis in the money market, by causing an export of specie. For the last six uroliths the exchanges have been constantly on the very verge of the turning point which would induce the shipment of specie, occasionally going beyond it; so that, in fact, the Hanks in the Atlantic cities have nctnully parted with that portion of their specie which mny liivc been considered somewhat superfluous. Any further export to the extent of a few millions would produce an ininieiliiite sensation. 1 lie proiiiinuity of Ibis is quite sullicient, without the stimulus o: a reduction of duties in nny of the leading nrticlcs of our consumption. We give Mr. Secretary Walker credit for loo much sagacity to he willing "voluntarily" to invito a money pressure, with itsaccompany-ing paralysis of industry, and tho eventual poverty id" the exchequer. What, then, can he mean hy the cabalistic phrase "reriiicioti lo revtniu. .stantfartlf The tariff ut IH4'2 was emphatically a revenue measure, its inuueduitu object was revenue revenue sullicient to restore the menus and credit of a bankrupt Treasury. And ndmirably has it answered its purpose. It undertook todo this with discrimination in tavor of tho industry of the country, and its fiiends think that it has accomplished this object also most happily. All must admit that, under its operation, the whole country has enjoyed' the highest degree of j prosperity. What, then, can ho tho motive lor change? None cun be. imae-ined lint the requisi-lions of the fell spirit of parly. A demonstration at least must be made, in order to satisfy the pledges made to the South on this subject. Mr. Secretary Walker is culled on, as a matter of course, to show up the deformities of this monster of a tariff, which has been so often denounced from the slump as a cunning device to make the rich richer and the poor poorer. Wc wish him juy of the task. Fortunately, nn analysis of the operation of the tarilf II nut difficult. It has in fact been nindc by the late Secretary Ilibb, in a document propnrcd nnd published by order of the Scnnte, on the 1st nf February, IMIv (Stnalcdoc. .V'o. HID, aWtUIU. BBH Ccm-gresi j It gives a tnble of every article of import luting the year tndilf 30th June, 1844, with the unuiiinl of duty accruing from it, with the nctual rote of duty i n each nrticle, whether laid ad valorem or specifically. As this document is not very generally known, we nronose mnkinir some extracts from it for the benefit of the nohlic. It is in fact a document of Ihe greatest interest in reference to this whole question. The average rate on goods paying duty i-MM per cent The article paying the Ingest rate ol duty, imported in any considerable ipiuntity, is that of urn'rifj, the rale varying on brandy, rum, and gin BU MBit 1117 percent, and producing one million one hundred nnd twenty-two thousand dol-Inrs of revenue. W e shall he curious to see what reduction shall be made on these, Iho very highest rates of duty in the tariff, in order to bring M to the rent Hire tlnndard unload of the moral tltindard under which they were established. The most important nrticle in the whole tnrill is thnt of Iroirn siyfrir, which pnys n duty of IKi per cent., producing four nnd o half millions dollnrs revenue, to which mny be ndded rnouMcs, which adds upwards of another million with a duty between 3!) and 40 per cent. These high duties on two of the necessaries of life are cheerfully paid by the North, for the purpusc of all'oriling protection to the great Southern staple of sugar, withdrawing a great mass of slave Inbor from the overdone production of cot ton ; and thus in fact acting directly for the benefit of the whole slave region of Ihe South. Wc are also curious to see how Mr. Secretory Walker will treat tlii. matter of sugar and molasses. With the new sugar region of his darling Texas coming into Uio Union, will ho take two or three millions off these nrticlcs nnd put them on to tea and coffee, now free of duty J o the consumer it has been well said to be all the aaine, whether the duty on a dish of tea or coffee be divided between Ihcm and the Secretary, or laid wholly on the lottcr. But it is a test question of principle, and we apprehend will call into action all tlie ingenuity of the Secretary. Net in importance conies the nrticle of iron, in its fariuui forms. Fig-iron pays a duty of G7 per cent., rolled bar iron H. These two article, produced n revenue of upwards of a million dollnrs under these bieh rates of duty ; with those on their kindred monutactures the highest in tho tariff. No ' tensive market, which has herctolorc been wholly doubt a reduction of the duly on iron to 20 or ; supplied from cotton grown in the YmL He cannot per cent, (supposed to be about the revenue stand-1 fail to perceive Ihol South Carolina. 111 establishing ard,) would immensely increase the importation, Uhe cotton minimum in ISlfi, was laying the foanda-and perhaps increase the revenue. Hut it would lion of llie must extraordinary revolution in rnm-in the same degree put out the furnaces of Peun-1 inerce which the world has ever seen -the turning sylvnnia; it would arrest the present rush of capital into tho iron business. Iron and its coarser manufactures consist of direct abstract labor. A high duty on iron can only he defended on the principle of direct positive protection to our own laborers. Cheap iron and cheap labor tire synonuinous terms; they must go together. Thu urticle presents another test question, and we have equal curiosity to see how the Secretary will present it to the electors of l'ensylvnnia, who voted for Mr. I'olk as a better friend to' the tarilf than Mr. Cly. The con of Pennsylvania is unother article protected with a duty of 1,4 per cent., producing a revenue of one hundred and Rftytwo thousand dollars, the greater part paid by Massachusetts, the consumer of Nova Scolin coal. Sill pays a duty of 7'1 per cent., nml produce, n revenuo of six hundred and fifty-MM thousand dollars. Such is the operation of this tarilf on the leading articles of our consumption in the cruder productions of the country. We now come to those requiring higher skill in the manufacture and more cupital for their establishment.H'ooltn mnnufnclurrs pay on nil valorem duty of 10 per cent., nnd produce a revenue i f upwards of two millions of dollars. This manufacture has nl-w'uys given rise to the most difficult questions in the nrrnniremcnt of the tarilf, owini loth, difficulty of adjusting the duty on wool to the satisfaction of both wool growers and the manufacturers, whilst our own production of wool was much below our con sumption. 1 his dilhculty is last ilisappcanng. 1 no increase in the production of wool, more especially in the Western Slates, is furnishing us a full supply, except of tho very coarsest sorts, costing under seven cents a pound. In this state of things, any considerable ruductinn of the duty, which will ma terially increase the importation of woollen manufactures, will act directly upon the price ol the raw material, reducing it in proportion. Tho duty of 10 per cent, is sufficiently reasonable as a mere revenuo duty, and falls chiellv on the higher branches of the manufacture, worn by the richer portions of the Community ; whilst the coarser nrticlcs, for Common clothing nnd the common OirputlUgU, ore furnished by our own manufacture, under our improved machinery, at prices so low us lo leave no reasonable ground of complaint as to prices, mid effectually to shut out foreign competition. Wc come now to the most Important of our mnn-uiketUIMi that of cohVi which exhibits the greatest triumnh of the protective policy, which has at tracted to it the greatest amount of capital, at the same time thnt its fabrics hive been in the greatest degree reduced in price. It is not perhaps surprising that its success should have made it the object of the special hatred nnd abuse of the enemies of n'l protection. Mr. Secretary Walker may, therefore, very probably Ice luuiscll called on to exercise all his ingenuity in linding grounds of attack .pOU this manufacture. We challenge bun to Ihe strictest scrutiny to the fullest collection of facts. It is well known that this manufacture has grown up under tho protection of n specific doty, in the form of a minimum valuation, introduced by South Carolina in lfMti, but which has been since repudiated by lhat State in terms of the grossest billingsgate. The present tariff levies a duty of six cents at least the squnre yard on all manufactures of which cotton is a component part, and, when print ed or colored, of nine cents. The table inlorms us '!"' 'Il0 whole amount of revenue derived from ' snauaai to ashLsh tin. minimum orineinlo is aoolied. m 1 1 " - i r-- -I r" -, was l,'J73,(K)(). averaging 38 percent, on the whole cost, and which is thus c ussitied: Units of rii". 51, 1 2 1, 000 from goods costing ntiove the minimum, M) per cl, " 2,.'i7I.ISIOIroin pruned nud eol'd goods, nl '.Ins. s. i. 1,1 do tMsMAIVsMI pW. goods, at ti cents square yard, l,')do .'11,1100 from velvets, Ate. nl I0J cenls si. ynid, Xi do Wo trust lhat the Secretary will give this subject of the cotton manufacture a thorough examination in all its bearings; that he will ascertnin what description of articles wc manufacture, what wc import, what we export, and what we consume, with the cutn-parntive prices. Wo will venture to predict what will be tho result of such nn examination, lie will find thnt, in oil the lower branches of the mnnuluc-turt: in nil those goods in most common use, nnd which constitute the consiiinplion of the innsscs,our own tnnnufacture furnishes not only on abundant sup ply for our own consumption, but 0 constant ami increasing export in competition with other notions, lie will find, on obtaining samples of the goods actually imported, thnt they consist, in a very grent mensure, ol the higher priced fanciful articles, mostly mixtures of cotton with wool and silk, worn by the rich, nnd that, in this article especially, this large amount of revenue is derived ROM what may be termed luxuries. Ho will learn that the clamor of certain pollers, like the New York Kvcninir I'ost. of the cot ton 1 11111 mi being a severe tax on the clothing of the poor, is the merest hiiinbuggcry ; nnd that the effect of the minimum is in fact most admirable as a mere revenue measure, not only ns a security ngntnst frnud, but us levying the highest du' ics on those productions of fancy where it is moot readily paid by the consumers who choose to indulge themselves in such luxuries. We will lenrn, it is true, that the manufacture is ot this moment 111 a stnte of great prosperity, and that the profits have never been greater ; but he will learn that the most profitable branch of tho manufacture is that of making goods for the export trade, especially for the China market. And he will loom, in this connexion, that since the opening of the ( Mono trade, cotton manufacture, have also greatly advanced in price in England, and thnt the profits their manufacturers are probably even greater than our own. He will also learn that a greater amount of capital 1. now going into this manufacture in all its brandies than nt ni.y former period ; that, throughout the whole country, every establishment for making machinery is in full employment, nnd constantly increasing their mentis of operation. We will not anticipate conclusions to which tnese different facts shall bring the mind of the Secretary, with a single exception. When he shall hove learned, os he will learn, that the heavy cotton, combining much of the raw material with a small quantity of lab ir, which wc are now exporting in such quantities nlong the coast of China, anil even to Japan, to say nothing of other port, of the world, rc wholly of American manufacture, lie cannot fall to perceive that the whole colUin-growing region of Ihe South is deeply interested in the extcn-mn 01 tins manu facture, which carries their staple into a new and ex back upon Asia her own essential production, the manufacture to which her own provinco of Calicut had for centuries given a name throughout the world; a revolution perhaps more extraordinary than that which tins taken place in the opinions of South Carolina herself, lie cannot foil to ierceive that there is good ground fur the late movement ol the South in throw logoff the delusion of the forty bale theory, and in ranging themselves on the side of thu protective system, of which they share a full portion of the benefits. One of the greatest innovations of the tariff of I84'2 is the change on manufactures of silk from an ud valorem to 11 specific duty of two ami a liulf dollars the pound weight. The table informs us that the duty h is amounted to 'i'A per cent, on the cost, producing a revenue of jjtl,.Wi,000. This chongu was made at the request of the American initiortcrs of silks, in order to counteract the frauds committed by the toreign iiiqiorters. 1 he result is believed to be satisfactory lo those best acquainted with its operation. Some descriptions of silk goods doubtless pay a higher rutu of duty than others, but the w hole etl'ect id probably as equal as any other arrangement. It has the advantage of great simplicity; at ony rotu it is wholly a revenue measure. Leghorn lints produce a revenue of a quarter of a million dollars ata duty of 3.i per cent. The cotton bagging known by the name of gunny-cloth pays n duty of five cents the square yard, amounting to 113 per cent, on the cost: yet such is the facility and cheupness with which It is produced in India that it continues to be imported 111 small quantities, n revenue of 0,400 dollars havin been denved from it. At a duly of 'J. per cent, this cheap bagging would doubtless brenk down all the factories making hemp bogging in Ken tucky und 1 onuessee, at the same time it would fur nish treight tor some thirty or forty ships Irom Cal cutta. 1 he table shows that the duly 011 agricultu ral produce is not wholly nominal, as is sometimes contended. Putttloea produce upwards of ten thousand dollars revenue, at n rate of doty amounting lo 30 per cent.; rnrr.ir, upwards of $5,000, at a duty of fi7 per cent. The table gives n revenue nf upwards of ;(00,000 dollars on row cotlnn, ot u rale of 50 per cent, duty; but this was doubtless drown bnck on export. 1 he same is doubtless true ol many ile-scriptionsof manufacture, puying a higlirnte of duty, being imported expressly for exportation. The most iiueqiinl duty of tho tarilf is that on ini'mj, especially imderlhe construction put upon our reciprocity treaties by Mr. Secretary llibb. lie Iras decided that Madeira win. costing two dollars the gallon is n "ii'AVc nrticlt" w ilh the white wine of Franco costing less than twenty live cents; nud so of otheis. The consequence is lhat Madeira wino pnys a duty of 4 I -10 per cent., port Hi, whilst tho duty on oilier wines range, from 30 to M per cent. Nothing con put the fully of arranging our tariff by treaty in a stronger light. An extension of it os proposed by the y.oll-Verein treaty, beside the fully of lying up our uwn hands, would be opening n dnjr to the worst system of intrigue and corruption. It would lead to a constant sectional struggle tor sectional treaty la-vors, nt whntever sacrifices of other portions of the countty. Wc have thus seen tho operation of the much-abused tarilf of 1S42 in all the leading articles of consumption. We hnve seen its protection diffused ns eqtinlly ns possible over every part of the country. We think it will puzzle a wise man to nnd much to object to, cither in its princip.es or it. details. On Ihe contrary, we think the country owes n debt of gratitude to its authors for their .kill and care in its construction. Its adoption was onu of those events which stnmp a decided chnrncter nn Ihe period in which they occur. It may be said to be the pivot 011 which turned the fate of the country. The currency hod been long deranged ; with a deficient revenue, the credit of tho General Government hnd been reduced to tho lowest ebb ; trndo was prostrate; industry paralyzed; tho public mind whs tilled with apprehension nnd disomy ot the portentous indientions of tho future when this men-.ure, ndoptcd with the greatest difficulty, carried almost by miracle, changed, ns if by enchantment, the whole scene. In the short space of a year the wholo counlry passed from tho depth of suffering, idleness, and depression to a state of the most ac tive prosperity and the fullest confidence. No one cnpnblc of tracing cnusc and effect can doubt thnt this change was the direct and immediate result of the tariff. This stole of full prosperity has met with no check to the present lime. Under the present system wc hove nothing to fear but over-action. We mny possibly go ahead loo lost; there is no other fear. We think he must be a bold mnn, nnd thnt must ho n bold party, which will seriously ond in corncst set about nny radical change in this system a system abundantly showering it. benefit, over the whole country, and which has fully approved itself to our whole KXPEMBNCE. Tho Miomi extension route lo Iho Ohio is getting rapidly into favor vessel, ore now reguloily bring ing down and returning with freights to Cincinnati. Hemp, ginseng, but er, lard ond cheese ot present constitute the commodities received, and every day will develope something new. In return, packages of merchandise, .hoes and other eastern manufactures ore now lying on our wharves, .waiting ship ment lor such destination. Kentucky and the whole lower country will hereafter bo freely supplied from this quarter. I . i-t year the total merchandise pass ing this place Tor 1 enncs.ee wo. only I.I tons. During the first week in August this yc.r lhat quantity ha already been shipped, leaving the whole fall season for farther business. Sixty-six tons is placed against twenty-three tons for Kentucky, and so on to Missouri and other Stales below. Utiff. Com. A Rotai. Tbi.i te to su , I.iogmiTr. Dr. G. (). Jorvis, of Middlelown, Conn, the inventor of a useful surgical apparatus for reducing dislocations, known as the "Adjuster," has received from the hands of Prince Albert, os President of the "Society of Arts," Ihe loreest gold medal ever bestow ed by or in the gift of ihe Society. The medal is of Iho value of 13 sterling. He is the first American un whom such an honor has been conferred. A Mi nu s Fiar. On Thursday night lost, al II o'clock, a fire broke out in Ihe frame grocery occupied by Mr. I). Ie on Front st, which soon spread lo the adjoining buildings, until all between the U. 8. Hotel and S. R. Ross & Co.'s store were in succession consumed. I'orUmoulk Tribunt. The amount of toll, received on nil the c.n.!s of the State of New York during Ihe fourth week in July, wo. $73,7rJ0 the total sum received up to the let of August w. tl.lOe!'. Thi. is more than has been received during any year except the last, when Uie .mount re.ched ?I,137.?I7.