Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1856-12-23

              VOL III. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, TUESDAY MORNING, DEC. 23, 1850. NO. 6. ,y ,i. ,V.r DUST. . kd Ir Diut w.woifc, and dust to be, ,.i ' ' Duat upon u, duat about) l.i Duat on overything w.sact - i': i Duat within ua, dust without) ,. Bahh til. preacher Uust to duatl" IU.- 'i Lot them mingle, for thoy must. u J. ' i P't we we pon the road, " .'. , . , Duat w breath, in duncing hall ; B1 Pust infesta our home abodo, - Dust, pall, Is ovor all j . 'Ti the housewife's daily dread j t Duat, the rabbini of the doad. ". i. I .' When tiie aky above Is fair, a... ' -And tho sun upon ua atrcams, em ii. FloaU the dual throughout the air; -v , Gleaming in ila fullun beams, . ., Every mote is like a man, l ji u ' Dancing gaily whilo he can. .-. ,Ere the tcinpost gathers atrong, ," 1 lilowaat tunca the warning guat, .U O'ir the plaina it swoops along, . io j Tempest'a thrall a oloud of duat, Every mote is like a man, -sit. V: ! Jtytasfro- oppression's van. .y ', Now the swollon clouda grow dark, Comes the long expootod flood, .falling deluge like and stark, . , M.!i..-i. I)uat is boaten down to mud . .. So are timoa when men must grovol, .jj , : .. In the palace as the novol. ei 1 1 J. , jut we are jj motM 0f jllat, " aTi, ' a 'no r?ronnd and in the nir, ' Blown by pleasure, foar and lust, Beaten down to low despair. ,U Uom ot flult to come to dust; . . i ... ,. , lot us minglo for wo must I JjjLliWIS CAMPBELL UNDER FIRE-- JSUAUl QUESTIONS AND ANStYEUS. q.viL Hon. L. D. Campbell led olT in an attack ,ljtm the President's Message, in the House. In 'the course of Lis speech, Mr. Campbell said : '.si,, Tho President hud been condemned by a majority of thrco hundred thousand frco men. '' Mr. Kcitt, (dem.)of South Carolina, inquir-'. cd' whether Mr. Campbell took the Fremont "and Fillmore vote together to make up that r,. majority. Mr. Campbell replied affirmatively. ,; Mr. Kcitt asked whether ho regarded the ;' supporters of Mr. Fillmore at the North as ... nnu-i.iuurusji.1, uuu m invur ui lieu soiusin. Lj! : Mr. Campbell thought tliero was not a sin-glo memlier of this house belonging to the Fillmore party of tho North who did not, when 53Beforo tho people, oppose the principles of the Nebraska bill, and )tn vnnhirwl in anv tlint incre was not ono man out ol every hundred wh6' supported Mr. Fillmore who did not op- iiuji uuuuvnuicu Bquiiiicr sovereignly us uu- A.v.l.wl 1... U ... ,C XT..il. 'I'l. .1 J : , -juuuuu ut luc j)uL-iiuium iiiiriv ui inu iuilu. " jcl'his party in that section assumed that it was - more reliablo than oithor Fillmore or the Fre-" niont party. . . A Voice That is so. I,. Mr. Campbell It claimed to bo in favor of ircuuum 10 rvansns, ann mat tnoso wno voted for Mr. Dunn's bill had voted to legalizo and perpetuate slavory in Kansas, avowing at the eaniB time, by tlio terms of the Nebraska bill, slavery was excluded from the' torritorv. :Y' Mr. McMullen, (dom.) of Va. I desire to . uruDuium inruo uuesiions. Me.. Camplell Ono at a timo, if you pleaso. Mr. McMullen First, did not tho gentle man's party in tho freo states charge on the ' Southern part of this confederacy a design to carry slavery into Kansas, anu, if necessary, thoy would do it at the point of tho bayonet ? Mr. Campbell Wcnot only made thccharjte but you did it. '" A voice, (from tho Republican side) That's ' a fact. , Mr. McMullen Tf you take tho testimony .- of your packed committee you could prove it. I T would now ask, did not the Fremont party represent Mr. Buchanan as a pro-slavery man, who, if elected, would favor the establishment ' of slavory in the freo States. Mr. Campbell I can spaak for mysolf. I -was activoly engaged in tho canvass. I did chargo Mr. Buchanan with being pro-slavery, ' and that tho platform on which he stood and ' iacrificed his individuality, was pro-slavery. It looked not moroly to the extension of slave-Ty to'all the territories through the Nebraska but tor the acquisition ot slavo territory. j. Mr. McMullen Did not you and your par ly represent that slaveholders owning live negroes, wero entitled to cast three votes ? Laughter. Mil, WUIlllfUW. X DI1IU UUUUI KllV U13U 1UU' Tion of political favor, llvo slaves in tho South ,wero equal to threo votes m the free states, Docs tho irontleman deny the proposition ? Mr. McMullen inquired whether frco ne-'jgroes did not voto in Mr. Cambell's district, or .something to that cllect o . Mr. Campbell I believe ono negro voto was given in my district. That was cast by a man who was not authorized to do so under decision of tho court, and ho voted for my op. poncnt Laughter. . Mr. Campbell sent to the Clerk's desk a pa' per, which was read, signed by the pcrsonjust reterrcd to, named Anderson, claiming tho right of suirrago, because among other things ho was throo-quartors white, tho remainder being made up of African and Indian blood, and further that his father was a brother of cx-Govornor Wilson Shannon. Excessive tonrhtor.J j . , . , . Mr. Gsddlngs frep.1 of Ohio, called Lis col league to order for casting an imputation on a colored constituent by representing a brother of Wilson Shannon to bo his father. Uc newed merrimcnt.1 ... Mr. Campbell My colleaguo will pleaso ex cuse me. i was driven to the necessity of re ferring to this fact by the number of questions propounded. . Let the gentlemen ou the other side decide whethor the Shannons are white men or not.. Laughter. ' Mr. McMullen Tho gentleman had arraign ed Mr. Van IJurcn for having introduced negro .testimony ; I want to know how thogentle--man can exculpate himself by such testimony. -Mr.. Campbell I know the character of this .man. Anderson, and with all respect to gentle- 'men, I would as goon take his word as that of (after a pause) any man on this floor. Mr. Florence (dera.) of Pa., did not see what application these proseedings had to tho number of copies of tho President's message to bo printed. Laughter. " CiT Look here Jim! said young follow the other evening to an old soaker, who had evidently taken too deep an interest in spiritual matters, and wag still, with the peculiar obstinacy of those in his condition, vociferating .for another smilo. "Look-ahcre, old fellow !" "You'll spoil your constitution by this style f thing better hold up ! " " Constitution be blowed !." said the old fellow. " I broke that long ago !' Been living on tho by laws this six 'months 1" ' (rtT "Stranger, which is tho way to Village ? ,. . iw V "There's two roods," responded the fellow. "Well, which is the best?" Ain't moch difference J both on 'era very 'Wid,; Tke which you will, afore you get half way. fouU wish you'd tucU fothor.J' X Klcli Debute la tlie Hoiinc of ItcproHciiintivrNll u in i h r y itlurstiall A tier lliIH-inecmcy--ttquntter Soverelainy KquubUio In tho House on '.lie 11th : Mr. Humphrey Marshall said ho understood tho position of the American mid liepiiblican parties, but that ho did not lielievo tliero was a Democrat hero who could mako a statement which would bo acquiesced in by tho Demo cratic party North or South on tho subject of tho right ot tho pcoplo to govern themselves m the Territories. Thoy had thodoctrinoof Mr. Cass, pronounced as the principles and philosophy of tho last Presidential election, and yesterday bis friend from South Caroltna, (Koitt,) declared in eloquent terms against popular sovereignty, and they aro National Democrats. Mr. Koitt I discard being a National Democrat. Laughter. Mr. Marshall This shows that some of tho brightest Btars of the Democratic party aro sectional Democrats. Laughter. Mr. Keitt That is an inferenco of tho liiom-bor from Kentucky. I say I am a Constitutional Democrat. Mr. Marshall remarked that ho wished to get at facts so as to let the country know whore the Democratic party stand. If they uro bet ter r rce hollers than Kcpublicans it should bo manifested to the people Mr. Smith (Tenn.) asked when any Democrat claimed that tho Democrats wore better Frco Soilers than tho ltepublicans. Mr. Grow (as proof) read an extract from the Montrose Democrat, claiming the advocacy of Freo Soil doctrines, and accusing him (Grow) of being a dough-fuco and voting to plant Slavery in Kansas. Mr. Marshall, resuming, quoted from speeches of Senators Trumbull and Fessenden to show that the northern democrats, in the presidential contest, proclaimed Freedom to Kansas.Mr. Burnett replied affirmatively, but said when they were brought as witnesses against tho only party which stood by the constitution, he doubted their credibility, and did so in this instance Mr. Marshall wished to know whether Democrats agreed with tho declaration of Senator Mason, that the people of the Territories when they organize themselves, or arc organized under law, arc to determine for themselves whether tho institution of Slavery shall exist or not while a Territory. Mr. Quitman said for himself that he did not believe the people of a territory possess sovereignty of any kind until sovereignty was delegated to them as a State under the power of the constitution to admit new States. Mr. McMullin informed Mr. Marshall that every member of the House from Virginia had repudiated the doctrine of Squatter Sovereignty as explained by Mr. Cuss ; and that the views of Mr. Mason had not been correctly reported. Mr. Marshall, resumed, saying that it was difficult to tell what views the democrats entertained i and he further reviewed tho alleged inconsistencies-respecting the interpretation of tlio Nebraska Bill relative to tho people framing their own institutions. Mr. Orr asked Mr. Marsliall whether, if ho had been here, ho would have voted for the Kansas-Nebraska bill. Mr. Marshall replied that, with a Southern construction, he would have voted for it, but j with a Northern construction, against it. Mr. Orr did not consider the answer satisfactory. Ho did not bclievo that doctrino contained in tho Nebraska bill. Ho saw no authority in tho Constitution to pass tlio Wil-mot Proviso, and could not see how Congress, riot having that power, can create the authority and invest the creature with greater power than it possesses itself. Other gentlemen, however, think tho Territorial Legislature is invested with the authority to prohibit or introduce slavery in tho Territory. Tho gen tleman from Tennessco, struck the true point, and took the wind out of Mr. Marshall's sails and left him high and dry on land. Although Mr. Or denied that Squatter Sovereignty exists by virtue of tho Nebraska bill, it was prac tically of little consequenco whether it does or not. If the pcoplo do not want slavery they can decline to pass laws for its protection, and that would bo just as otlectual as a law passed to exclude it. Losers were privileged to begrum-blers, and ho congratulated tho country that tvontucKy nad placed hersett in a correct post tion by the candidates of the Democracy. Let the gentleman (Marshall) from tho Uommon wealth take this homo with him. There is a difference of opinion among Democrats as to Squatter Sovereignty, and let him mako the most oT it. Richardson's Successor in the House. On tho 9th inst., Mr. Morrison of Illinois was tho last orator of the day. He was elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by tho resignation of Mr. Richardson. Ho is a young man, born a "sucker," and right from i'.gypt Ho excels in lungs. He started oil' by an nouncing that ho would provo tho Republican party to be sectional in principle and organization, but beforo ho got far, his colleague, Mr. Norton of Illinois, brought him up standing, by asking him if ho was not a member of tho State Senate of Illinois in 185u. Mr. Morrison I was. Mr. Norton Did you not offer a series of resolutions in lavor ol a rocal of tlio Kansas-Nebraska bill, instructing Senator Douglas and other members of Congress to vote against it, against tho further extension of Slavo Terri-ry, nnd in favor of Free Kansas ? Mr. Morrison I did. I was a memlier of tin Whig party and as such did what I could to defeat tho objects of tho Democrats. I vot ed for Mr. Trumbull when ho was a candidate for Congress, but, after offering tho reso lutions, while yet a member of tho Senate, an appeal was mado for all national men to rally under the Democratic banner, and, believing that Anti-Nobraskaism was leading directly to Abolitionism, I became a Democrat. At this confession an Ohio Member cried out, " Tako him away, he is a dead cock in the pit." Mr. Norton was appealed to not to be so se vere, but that gentleman put another question. Mr. Norton V hon you ollercu thoso reso lutions, did vou bcliove the sontimenU thoy contained to bo sectional or national ? This question Mr. Morrison did not come square up to, but declined answering directly, and Mr. Norton took his seat Mr. Morrison announced his conversion to Democracy, seemingly with self-satisfaction and pride. Ho announced that ho was not a Yankee, nor tho son of a .Yankee This brought responses of ' Good,' ' Good,' ' Thauk God for that.' One Southern rentlcman. a slavcholder.who listened to the extreme South ern doctrines of Mr. Morrison, remarked : I am a Southerner, but he may take the front seat." Another said : "D n him I I would rather trust Giddings with a fugitive slave than him." I (ftT Though the tongue hag no bones In It, it breaks many. " Sl)C Annual Ucports. Abstrac'. of the Report of the Secretary of War Department. Tho authorized strength of tho nrmy is now 17,81)4 men. Tho actual strength of the date of tho returns, July 1st, 1850, was 15.0C2. Tlio number of enlistments lniulo during tho twolvo months ending September HO, 1850, was 4,110. Tho nmnlicr of oilers refused on account of minority nnd unfitness for servico was 5,504. Tho number of casualties during tho samo timo was 0,01)5 of which 3,223 were by desertion. All our Indian troublos in tho West have ceased except with tho Chcyennes. It is recommended to extinguish tho possessory rights of the Hudson Bay Company, as they owe no allegiance to our government, and would bo disposed to exercise a powerful inllucnce among tho Indians against our pcoplo if occasion required. A vigorous campaign hns been projected against tho Florida Indians, General Harney commanding tlio military posts. Much spaco is devoted to tho consideration of tho present system of niilitaiy posts on the Western Frontier, and a complete revolution of the whole system is urged. Tho expenses at present arc enormous, without any corresponding benefit to tho country or frontier. Tho great number of resignations in the army show tho necessity for an increase of pay. It evidences a policy injurious to professional pride, whilo tho hard servico and frontier station of tho ollicers require of them sacrifices which no other olHcors of tho government are called upon to mako. The expense of living has been greatly augmented, and tho pay is aliout the samo as it was filly years ago. It is bad economy, the report continues, to drive tho nctivo and intelligent from tho service which they adorn. Repoiit of tiie Postmaster Gexeral. The Postmaster General's report shows the number of post offices on Juno S0th, 1850, to have been 25,505, being an increase of 4,004 in four years. On tho 30th of June, thero were in operation nearly 8,000 mail routes, tho length of which is estimated r.t 23i),612 miles costing 0,350.474, divided as follows : 20,323 miles of railroad : 14,951 steamboat, and 50,453 can al lines, and nearly 154,000 miles of inferior grades. I ho mcrcaso during tho last fiscal year was nenrly 20,000 miles of railroad, 332 miles ol steamboat, 1,250 miles of canal lines, and 8,2 X) miles of inferior grades. In Nebraska and Kansas 2,238 milos were added to the length of routes. Between tho first of July, 1852, and July 1st, 1850, the railroad service was increased 10,177 miles, exhibiting tho fact that within that timo this description of ser vico was moro than doubled. On tho 1st of Dcccmljcr, 185G, the length of railroad routes had increased to 21,310 miles, and the total cost for this service at that dato amounted to 2,403,747. Tho whole cost of the inland service on tho 1st of July, was &5,52G,028. iho Secretary alludes to tho Panama Rail road Company seizing on tho occasion ol tho withdrawal of tho steamers via Nicaragua, to lorce the department to pay what ho consul ers an cxhorbiant prico across tho Isthmus : and ho recommends tho making of a regular contract, not exceeding 50,000 per annum, with that company, and a contract not exceed' ing $2O0,0JO per annum via Nicaragua or Te- huantopec, so as to givo a weekly mail between tho Atlantic ports and California. Tho expenditures for the year 1850 were !10,lUo,i:8b, and the gross revenue, including annual appropriations for freo mail matter, 7,020,821 showing a deficiency of 2,787,000. Ho recommends tho abolition of tho franking privilege, and tho compulsory pro-payment of all transient printed matter. Also tlio repeal of tho act of 1815 which gives tho Postmaster General discretionary authority to make new contracts for ocean steamship servico. Ho alludes to tho fact that embracing the branch from Now Orleans to Havana there are now four ocean steamship lines running out of New York at an expense to the government of l,4'Ja,000 per annum. No reason is perceiv ed why pne.yart.of tho country should be preferred to tho exclusion of others. Among other points it is stated that negotiations are in progress with a view to the reduction of tho British transit charge on United States closed mails, and of the rate of postage between the United States and Great Britain to 12 cents a single letter. DEr-ARTMEXT OF THE IXTEItlOIt. The Secretary of the Interior's Report stales tho quantity of land surveyed sinco last report and tip to the 30th of September last, at 10,873,09!) acres, exclusive of school sections. The execution of tho graduation act has raised many grave questions which call for the in-terposition'of Congress. He says it is important that the matter bo promptly disposed of, cither by sanctioning and affirming the action of tho Land Office or directing the patents to be issued without further requirement. The quantity of land sold for cash during the fiscal year, was over !),2o0.000 acres, and tho receipts therefor 8,821,414. The total amount of land disposed of is over 39,000,000 acres. He suggests a necessity for further power being granted to tho Commissioner of Pensions to susiicnd or discontinue ponsions when the reason for granting them has wholly or partially ceased. Tho number of patents issued within tho year will prolbly reach 2,500. Tho report says thut during the present administration, 52 Indian treaties have been negotiated, 20 of which remain to bo acted upon by the Senate By these treaties Indian title has been extinguished to nearly 175,000 acres of land. 1 he nggrcgato money consideration thcrcloro is 11,184,238. The Indians within our borders aro suppo sed to number about 300,000. The processor civilization among tho Indians has already been attondod with the happiest result, and gives promise of steady progress in the ame lioration of their physical and moral condition. Secretary or the Navy's HeronT. The Secretary of tho Navy gives a detailed view of the operations of the Navy during the last year, and its present strength. Among his recommendations arc, for anothor squadron in the Pacific, rendered necessary by our extending commorce r for tho adoption of tho hnclish and French system of gunnery in practice shins I and for tho dispatch of a small steamer to survoy the Guano Islands on which Commodore Morvino made an unsatislactory report. Tho Secretary regards tho construction of the six war steamers as inaugurating a new era in tho naval service; and repeats his former recommendation for building steam sloops of war of small draft. Tho sending out of sea men to relieve distant crews is spoken of m an experiment, and will be continued if it shall . I! . T li . BaamIbiW liL'Awiad MMHL. mends tho appointment of assistant pursers with moderate compensation. TIIE CIIINRHB SlUiAU CANE IN WOUTIlt.'tN ILLINOIS. Giikat Success in jts Culti'kb. From th Omyville (111.) Herald. Being requested by many, to publish a statement through tho columns of your paper, of my experience with, and tho value f tho Chinese Sugar Cane, I thorefoi'o send you tho following statement, which yon will please insert : , On tho 25th of May I planted about half an aero of ground, one year old. A portion of tho soil was low and wet in tho spring ; in fact I covorcd the seed with mud, tho other part was high und sandy ; tho consequenco was when the dry season set in tho wet part baked hard and tlio high burnt up for want of rain. I plowed it when aliout ten inches high, and that was nil tho working it got, with tho exception of a ulight hoeing previous to plowing; my object was to ascertain tho amount of saccharine matter contained in tho stalks, and supposed enough would grow to mako tlio experiment. Many of the stocks grew from sixteen to twenty feet high, (in the low ground it only grow twelve feet.) Having made a mill on which to grind it, I commenced on tho 24th of September. The enno then received two or three frosts, which slightly injured tho tasto of the water. 1 am convinced that tho amount of stalks I used can bo grown on lessllianaquar- ter of an acre. The amount of water nblnineil from the pieco was 270 gallons, from which I made toity-tlvc gallons, which in flavor and beautiful bright red color, is fur svperiirrto avi :ln directions. Hero also meet, from dis-nuAtuses obtained from the Noulk 1 did not try I lilnt places, numerous horsemen, whoso nni- to grain any of it, as it will not grain after be ing trusted ; but I am convinced there will be no moro difficulty in graining it if tried previous to frost. If it is planted by the middle of May it will ripen by the end of August, and remain in good condition until frost, and if cut up and put in sheds (in apprehension of frost) it will keep well for a month or more. 1 will givo a statement of what may be made per acre, judging from tho amount of water obtained from each stalk. Ono of my neighbors, Mr. A. Degan, obtained from seven choice stalks ono gallon of water, and in another trial made by Mr. McCleary, Sr., and myself; we pressed from ten stalks' one gallon and a quart. Tho number of stalks in a hill should be from four to six. In my calculations, I only estimate ono quart of water to tho hill, allowing sixteen hills per square rod, which will make 2,500 hills to the acre, and this, at one quart por hill, will mako 040 gallons of water, which will innko 110 gallons of molasses. Valued at 75c per gallon, it would amount to 82,50 per aero, and I do not hesitate in saying that the amounts may be don-bled. I would urgo upon tho farmers of the Western country to try it. You will not only save, but make money by the operation. I am well convinced that'in 1800 tho Southern planter will have no sale for his sugar in the State of Illinois. From present indications thero will bo 100 acres raised in Wabash Co. next year, which will savo the county ten thousand dollars. Tho timo to commence working tho cane is when the seedshavo changed from green to a dark red hue, although it will remain good until fairly matured. Should any person wish to mako the experiment, I have some seed to spare one quart will plant an acre. . J. M. GliOM, McCleary's Bluff, Wabash county, 111. Tiie Beoixmin-o of the en-d : 185G 18G0 and the Interim. It is now evident that tho election of Mr. Buchanan is a moral do- feat. It is equally evident that tho war be tween tho North and South did not end on the 4th of November, 1850. It rather had a new beginning then, and willcerlainly not end oeioro ihuu. v e are perfectly satisfied that the triumph, as it is termed, of tho Democratic party is the mere success of forces, and not the definite vindication of principle a simple rospito lor tne present, without any security for the future. Even in this, the best point of view, how much causo havo wo for constant vigilance and for diligent preparation. An overwhehnim: majority of tho Northern people, as a community, havo affirmed their unalterablo hostility to Southern rights and interests. A larcrc majority of the Northern States, as such, have done likewise A popular majority of the United States, comprised in ono section, tho result will doubtless provo have declared their uncompromising enmity towards a less number occupying another section. Such is the signification of tho Into election ;' such is the liasis of the groat Republican party of 1800. W itliout a reversal of tho past history of our politics, that party will as surely como into power as timo shall flow on. Tho mcro party loaders may tell us tho sun rises in the west nnd sets in the cast ; that water flows up hill : that revolutions go backwards : fan aticism has a conservative tendency, nnd that tliero is national patriotism in an abolitionized community. They may talk, ns the Germans have it, out of another's pocket until doomsday ; and yet natural causes will produco natural effects ; tho sun will rise in tho cast and go down in tho west ; water will seek its level : revolutions will move forward : fanati cism will bo aggressive, and the North which voted aljohtion in 1850, will do so in 180O with increased majorities, giving the samo cir cumstances and tho same motivos. V. 0. Di 'a, Kov. 18. ftT A beautiful gem of poesy, from a mind of richest pearl, is tlie following. The appre ciative reader can almost hear its music rip pies as it gently flows in harmony with tho most sorrowful sentiments of tho human heart : Softly I She is lying, With her lips apart. Softly I Sho is dying Of a broken heart. Whisper! Sho is going To her final rest. VhispcI Lifo is growing Dim within her breast. Gently I Sho is sleeping; She baa breathed her last. Oontlyl Whilo yon are weeping, ' . Sli. to Heaven bus put. 0rA census-taker called upon the mother of a family in California, or some other prolific country, and asked her how many children she had. The mother replied, that sho really could not toll, but there was this of which she wag certain, " the measles got among tho children once, but thorc wasn't enough of it to go round." CirMastor Gibh is a phenomenon. He is only two years old yet he draws pictures of every pogsiblo kind, lie does it with a stream of molasses' oi) his mother's table-cloth. ftT A young lady being asked by a politi- cian which party she was most in favor of, ro- j plied that she preferred wedding party. fliNflir.SSEE. , Excitement at Dowr, Term. The White Ptmu. folivn in Arms A7n Nryroct Arrested as Coupinitors Sixty Mure Jmjiriivneit ut tlie. umuierlund iron Works OiujinoJUui J'lot. From tho Courier dos Ktnta Unl, Doo, 11. One of tho editors, at this moment in the country designated as the center of a black conspiracy, sends us, on this subject, some positivo information, which hasalltho authority of diront nnd ocular evidence. Wo cannot do hotter than placo tho letter litorally before tho eyes of our readers : Dnvnii, Tenn., Tuesday, Dec. 2. Tlio White Bluir, which brought us to Nashville, touched at tho chief town in Stewart County, whence I dato this letter. The whole villago is in a slnto of anxiety ; tho white population is armed, and I see children, who can scarcely carry a gun and carlouchc-liox, aiding to swell tho number. Tho causo of all this is a nogro conspiracy, and you will know of it long before you receive my letter. Inasmuch as thero will lie exaggeration on ono sido or tlio othor, according to the source whence the news is received, I send you as exact an account as possible. That which I have not seen myself, 1 givo on tho evidence of eye-witnesses. Before tho only hotol in Dover aro nsscm- I bled excited croups of nennln. nml fVnm nmmi ' l'lum horsemen, with revolver in band and ri" " across the back, start oil fiemientlv inals covered with fonm bear witness to the rapidity with which they have traveled. In the hotel, nnd m two or three neiirhlinrin houses, the greater portion of the women and children may bo found. Hero nnd thero the black: servants olxsy with submission nnd promptitude tho dill'ercnt orders civen them. A house, guarded by men with bayonet uisieiicu on me gun, cneioso nine black priso. ners, wno are threatened with execution in a lew hours, JSothing will be dono with fivo. at least, of them, but as to tho four others the chiefs of the conspiracy they will, in all prooauuuy, occomo acquainted with the cord. We receive on board tho Judire of Dover nml his family, whom he conducts, lor tho moment to another residence At 4 o'clock wo arrive somo miles highor up on tho left bank of tho Cumberland, at a place called the "Cumberland Iron Works." The machine shop, a dozen houses besides, and a few negro huts, aro all tho habitations in the placo. In a largo building near tho river somo six-ty blacks aro imprisoned for licing connected with the conspiracy. The remainder on the other hand aro doing, submissively, their ordinary work. The same thing muy bo said of all the neighboring localities. This fur tho general aspect. And now as to the causes that have given riso to all this excitement. Its origin is traced to the Presidential campaign Much weakened by distance, the echo of the noise made in tho North about tho name of r remont, was extended to the banks of the Cumberland. It camo m the track of the steamers which traversed the second tributary of the Ohio, and then found itself iii the cen ter ot 1 ennessee. 'Io penetralo tho most distant villages, it had only to pass along the gorges which separate those little isolated mountains. Whether emissaries fas thev ullinn here) camo or not from the North, it is nevertheless true that thero havo been certain indications of nn approaching revolt. Accordin" to some, it was to be general, and would extend to all tho slavo States. According to othors, it would simply Ihs confined to Kentucky and Tennessee. This latter version appears to mo true, nnd it is already more thau necessary to exercise an active surveillance. Nevertheless, nothinz of a positive natin-n had been discovered till about ten days since, when a negro escaped from tho Cumberland Iron Works. Ho waspromptly captured, and it was learnt from him that ho fled from tho persecution of his brethren in sarvitudo who had threatened to kill him if ho refused to take part in the conspiracy. Tho numerous questions to which ho was subjected, caused the subsequent arrest of nearly 80 negroes, almost all of whom avowed their complicity in a plot ; and even gavo tho most precise details as to tho execution of their project. Nothing less wits contemplated than a general massacre. Tho negroes of each habitation intended, between tho 23d and 20th of Dccemlier, to slaughter tho whites who surrounded them. and. this accomplished, to march to the chief placo of tne country, wlioro the blacks would generally assemble and comincnco to act. In many places the whito is much inferior in numbers to tho black population, but they iinvo auueu 10 ineir strengtn ny putting on a bold front and by punishing the four principal conspirators whom I saw prisoners at Dover. 1 his is alt thut bos passed up to the present time. As to the rumors that have reached vou about a negro killed by a whito man in a conflict, then a woman killed by a black, and lastly a band of 400 slaves devastatinz farms, and slaughtering the inhabitants thoitj is no truth in them whatever. C. G. Numerous Arrests of Whites and Blaels islranije Credulity of tlte Negroes Four Negroes Hung Nature and Object of tlie Con-sjiiraey.Claiikville, Montgomery Co., Tenn.) Wednesday, Dec. 3. 1850. ( We arrived here at daybreak, damazed. and obliged to remain over for tho greater part of tno uay. i toon advantage ol the opportunity to go ashore, and pass somo hours in gaining such liilormation as 1 could obtain. Tlio do tails that I have collected alter nothing of what I wrote yesterday evening. r Tho town is moro tranquil than any of the otnor places mat wo nave visited about hero 1 his is because tho white population, more numerous has less to rear front the plots of as itutors, whito or block. Nevertheless during the lost few days, they have not been without anxiety, ihcy cite among other things, tho working of an iron mine, which occupies about 800 negroes, belonging to a singlo individual, and which has been on tho oint of being suspondod. The energetic action of the proprietor, and tho arrest of six whites who stirred up tho revolt, have sufficed to suppress the commencementof an insurrection. The works go on, but they aro incessantly watched. Tho six whites havo been condemned to the penitentiary. Thirty blacks have been arrested, and await judgment. The credulity of these poor people is such that, in the belief of the whites who excite them, thoy imagine that CoL Fremont with largo army is waiting at the mouth of the Cnmbcrland until tho night of the 23d or 24th of December has arrived. Thon all this army will help to doliver the slaves. They have been struck by the sudden sweUing of thonv-cr, and attribute this circumstance to the great assemblage of men and ships at its month. Certain slaves are so greatly imbued with this table that I havo seen them smile while they are being whipped, and hare heard theinsajr j that " remont and lug men can boar the blows thoy receive." Tho mines along tho slioro of tho Cumberland, for a distaiico of about thirty miles, havo suspended work. Machino shops, occupying ii-om luu to iuu negroes, navo now only Uve or bix whites to direct operations. This is the caso in regard to tho Cumberland Iron Works, of which 1 sjKiko yesterday. In thoso localities, also, tho panic is great. Threo white Freosoilers have been arrested in Dover in the uct of exciting a revolt. They were beaten and were allowed fifteen hours to leave the county and thirty to go out of tho Stuto. A black preacher was arrested while delivering an Abolition sermon sermon. Ho forms one oi tue nine who wero yesterday in Dover. Of these nino, fivo are not yet tried. Tho four others havo been tried by a regular tribunal, and wero condemned to bo hung on Thursday, to-morrow j but as on announcement of the sentence a bend of blacks was organized for a rescue, the fourcriiiinals were to be hung last evening. Tho excitement which will naturally follow among tho slaves is much dreaded. Tho women and children too young to serve for defense are emigrating towurds more populous districts. Of the body of 200 blacks that marched to Dover, about sixty has been arrested. They aro thoso which 1 saw whipped yesterday at tho Cumberland Iron Works. Thirty others returned to their workshops nnd farms, nnd tho rest ran to tho woods: hut no nttmmit nt pillngo or murder has yet been made. In saving themselves, tho blacks not only carried away anus an munitions, but also everything that they could, and in many places, particularly nt Dover, tho whites are short of powder. They would havo paid its weight in gold for that which we could not procure for them. All tho blacks mado prisoners aro first examined separately by a Jury, who decide whether thero is ground or not to lay an accusation' befoto a Justice This increased precaution has already had a good moral cllect among them. As I told you yosterday, tho plan was to butcher tho whites upon isolated farms and in tho workshops, and then to march to each chief town of tho county. They would thus havo established a freo road along the Cumberland from Nashvillo to Ohio. By this routo all who took part in tho revolt could have fought a retreat to Indiana and Illinois. ; No one could have disturbed them, for they would have traversed the least populated part of tho country. Thus, though the plot has been exposed and we have not to dread any actual explosion, thero still remains an uneasiness about tho future, and wo reflect with terror upon the facility of executing this plan if it had not been discovered. A BEAUTIFUL LICK AT BIGLER. In tho Senate on tho 11th inst., Mr. Hale spoke briefly in defense of tho views of those co-operating with him ; taking occasion to cn-logizo the higher law. In tho course of his remarks he exhibited a large handbill calling a Democratic meeting in Pennsylvania in favor of Biichanan,l!rcckcniidge, and Freo Kansas : and nnnonncWg ex-Governor Wm. Bio-- lcr as ono of the speakers on tho occasion. I he exhibition ot the handbill occasioned gen oral laughter. Mr. liiglersaid he was not present at the meeting, nnu never belore saw tho handbill. Mr. Hnlosaid there was, then, double fraud, for they not only announced themselves in favor of Freo Kansas, but cheated tho people with the false assuranco that Mr. liigler was to be ono of the advocates of that doctrine. Mr. Bigler remarkod that tho Democrats wero in fav or of Frco Kansas that is, in fu-vor of leaving tho people of Kansas freo to regulate their own institutions to suit them. selves ; whilo tho Republican party were in iavor oi having them subiect to control of a power exterior to themselves. Democrats wero in favor of freo whito men in Kansas, and ovorywhoro else, but the sympathies of tho Republicans wero with tho colored race. Mr. Hale said that if, in 1800, tho Republi-cans obtain tho power, as ho thought they would, they would apply tho principle of excluding Slavery from tho Territories. It was tho trust committed them by Providence, and tho interests of humanity and religion required it. Ho believed the sentiment was growing stronger nnd stronger. Ho could see tho hand of Providenco in it, as tho sparrow docs not fall without His notice. Mr. Drown Do you see tho hand of providenco in tho election of Mr. Buchanan ? Laughtor. Mr. Halo God tries us with calamities, and sometimes with mercies. Renewed IiiukIi-ter.Citlding on Hit; Fugitive Slave L,av mid Fugitives, Tho New York Tribune's Washington correspondent tells of a passage in Giddings speech iu tho House of Representatives the other day ns follows : Ho repudiated the lecturo of the President on tho Fugitive Slavo Law, and said he should rather obey God. He has seen at ono timo nino fugitive slaves dining in his own house fathers, mothers, husbands, wives and children fleeing for their liberty, and in snito of nnv law, ho obeyed the divine mandate to feed tho hungry and clot ho tho naked. Ho did both and gavo them money and sent them on their way rejoicing. Was that treason Y Mr. Bennett, of Mississippi, wanted to know if tho gentleman wouldn't have gone oue step further. " Yes," was tho prompt reply of tho gallant old man ; " I would havo driven their captor irom my uoor-yard, tl uo had mado his ap-jiearance."Tho inquisitive Mr. Eennott pressed tho matter still furtltor, and asked if tho gentleman would not havo justified the taking of tho fugitive by force in tho first instance ? Mr. Giddings (walking indignantly out into tho arena, in front of tho Speaker, in a voice of thunder, that made every member feel that ho meant what ho said) answered, " I would smite down the infamous slave-catcher if ho crossed my path in pursuit of his traffic."' OiT An Irishman having accidentally broken a pane of glass in a window, was making the best of his way out of sight, but, unfortunately for Tat, the proprietor stolo a march on him, and, having seized him by the collar, exclaimed : "You broke my window, did ycu not ? " " To bo sure I did," said Pat j "and didn't you see mo running home to pay for it?" (ptT Mr.- Smithcrs has a great idea of h -r filmland's military prowess. ."For two years," says she, " ho was a lioutonant ia the horse marines, after which ho was promoted to ' a captaincy in a regular company of saphcads and minors." 03" The rorsimmon - County Debating Club are debating the following question t "Which is .the proudest, a girl with ber first beau, or'a woman with her first baby ',' GIVING THE OT,I iriTK THE ft NIIAKHOl'THi: fIt(tt:tUbOF THE I'UIILIC LANDS. Tlie Tublic Lands aro the proporty of all tho States. Thoro has been establish od 'at Washington a system of giving them away to tho Westorn and Southern members of tho Confederacy, which whilo tlio Northern and Kostern cannot participate, is rapidly wasting a common fund. . During tho last fiscal year only 0,22873 acres of tho Public Domain wore sold for cash. But there wore given away under the questionable designations of ' Swamp Lands," to Wostornand Southern States, G,O30,874&crcs and there wero given, away to Rail Road corporations tho enormous quantity of 15,080,875 acres, moro than double what was. sold fcr cash to the actual farming pioneers of tho wholo nation. . . , . To impress upon Now Yorkers the necessity of prompt action to savo their interest iu this proporty, wo will state that during tho last four years, tho "swampland" grants ..to Western and Southern States havo amounted to 30,199,050 acres! and tho gifts to companies of Rail Road speculators to 17,030,282 acres. t . Of tho proceeds of tho sales of tho Public lands, between tho commencement of the last fiscal year and the end of the second quarter of the present fiscal year, (30th of December inst,) thoro will on tho latter day be in tho National Treasury about $11,000,000. Tho sharo of Now York in this common proporty of the States, would lie about $1,300,000. ; The only way in which tho oldor members of tho Confederacy can rcalizo their interest in this slippery joint-tenancy is, by a distribution of tho proceeds of its cash sales. Thon thoy will be behind-hand, and keep behind hand, full one-half. Of tho use which New York could mako of her distributive proportion of eleven millions, it is not necessary to speak. Albany Journal, That Blessed Baby. This phrase has been applied to so many specimens of infancy that it has come to be a generic phrase. Well may it so be considered ; for every baby the exceptions proving the rule is a blessed baby to papa and mamma, and grandparents, aunts, and the friends of tho family. A little of tho acidity of bachelorship soured gentlo and genial Charles Lamb, when ho " wondered why people mado so much fuss about children ; thoy were so very common;" Children collectively are common ; but each plrticular child is a new nnd unprecedented thing a fresh creation to thoso who love it, becauso they cannot help doing so. Holmes, the poet, has said that though in point of fact Cain was the only original baby, nevertheless all succeeding babies havo been, respectively, equally original. Quite correct the remark, and profoundly significant too. Baby is a governing power in tho world oxerting no mean sway. Baby is a largo part of the moral po-lico of society. Baby is tho centre of homo, that conservative institution. Therefore may philosophers, philanthropists and statesmen. as well as loving mothers cry " Blessed be baby." Political Freedom. In Virginia they cnslavo whito people by taking away thoir elective franchise. Capt. Stannard was driven from tho polls in Norfolk and forced to loavo and secrcto himself in order to savo his life, simply becanse he had qui etly offered his voto for the man who repre sented his principles, John C. Fremont. Hi this samo Stato they imprison women for learning children to read. What do our boasts of liberty and republicanism signify, when a citizen is disfranchised and his life assailed un less ho will voto subject to the dictation of tho slave-holder? Cleveland Leader. ' OT A man who made a fortune by industry and closo economy, in a retail business, at length retired from trade, and usod to loan his money on interest. One day, in midsummer, a friend happened to say to him : "How pleasant it is to have such lonjr. bright days!" . "Why, y-c-s," replied ho, "hut these Ions: days the interest comes in so slow." 03" A worthy minister, noted for his wit, on being asked what kind of person the wifo of Mr. was, replied : " I will civo vou her grammatical character. She is a noun substantive seen, felt nnd heard." 03 A friend of ours says he has been without money so long that his head aches " ready to split" when ho tries to recollect how a silver dollar look. Ho says the notion that "we Uve in a world of change," is a great fallacy. 03" I did'nt like our minister's sermon last Sunday, said a deacon who had slept all sor-mon time to a brothor deacon. Did'nt liko it, brothor ? Why, I saw you nodding assent to every proposition of tho pnrson." . .... M. 03"" The kind lady who sent us a mince pie," says a western editor, " with the request to 'please insert,' is assured that such articles aro never crowded out by a press of other matter."" 03 A shrewd little fellow who had just begun to read Latin, astonished his rnnxtor by the following translation : " Vir, a man : gin. a trap. Virgin, a man trap." 03" Mr. Ferguson says that the prettic-t sowing machine he ever saw. ws about IS years old, with short sleeves, low-nocked dram, and with gaiter boots on. , . .. . , 03" Prudence is too often the only Tirtni loft us at -erentT-twn. - 03". The days or courtship are too often the happiest of our lives. ' 03" Draw upon content for the dcfKicnV:iqsv of fortune.' , TJ7 o Yl rr