Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1858-12-14

              I mm if ' be CI no th la. CI- a to: vol. v. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBJER 14, 1353. NO. 5. 14 lit arts. pa. C W. KBL8EY, DEN TSlST! All Ojrttioiu marranttd, and noru hit th Uit TTTTTTf AN EXPERIENCE OF U YEARS CON vv atAnt nreuiris.. and an acnuaintanca with all Vh lata Improvement in tha art, he flutters himself li. ... ..ll.l'.ntSni. nla. ham. tufore, at id; residence oa Oambier t.,Mt. Vernon, VUto. . mayo-iy DEHTISTBY. GILBERT" E. MoKOWN, ' RESIDENT DENTIST. VjrFlCS WIEP'B BD1LDIN0 COR. MAIN AND TIKI STS, MT. VERNON, OHIO. LL operation! performed in the latest ond moat aCX approved 11710, mi warranted. augao-ij 1 2s 3 35 s u .a 3. Ill J J&.K I n S n a .' as0 H J r Js 7 f. ta D K. L. 8. M U H V H Y, LATB OF NEW YORK CITT, A NNOUNCES to hli friends and the public, that Xl-ho has opened an oince tor me PBACTICE OF MEDICINE, 'in Mount Vernon, and the adjoining country. From the time and attention he has given to his profession, he hopes to receive a liberal share of tho public patronage OFFICE, on Main street, over Curtis 4 Sapps .. n . , ff .1. L 11-.. Uk.nnlj Store; Kesiuenco corner mgu o n Oot. lUth, 185.tf. JOHN ADAMS, Attorney at Law & Notary Public OFFICE-IN WARD'S NEW BUILDING, 'Corner Main and Vint St., wntrwv vlRNfttf. AUTO. OPECIAI, attention given to collections in Knox KJ and adjoining counties: aiso: w iiruowunug . . . ... .1 ,1 ,i .-I,. claims for i'ensions ana Lnu r uituiiui, mm vu er legal buslnei entrusted to his care, march lltf. I W. VANC. W. 0. COOMB. kVANCE a cooper, - Successors to Vance A Smith, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, HIT VVRNftN. CI. ' Office three doors north of the Publie Sqnare,same . 1 r . o :.u ..n9rin.a formerly occupied oj 1 unco a pmw. oF.-v EMMET V. COTTON. W. L. AN1 COTTON A BANE. Attorney's & Counsellors at Law, M. I'ernon, Ohio. ItXTlLh attend to all business intrustod to their y care, in any of the Courts. OFFICE.N. E. Corner of Main and Gamblor Sts., rover Pylo's Merchant Tailoring tataDiisnmeni. Oet. lilth 18i8.tf-. General Land Agency. D. C. MONTGOMERY, - - - Mr. Virnon, Onio. TS ENGAGED IN ENTERING LANDS, LOCA-I (in. 1.1ml Wurrnnta. and makini investments in Real Estate, in Iowa, Kansas and Missouri. Also, 'Collecting business attended to; will start about tno 1st 01 Juno next. t..r ,n William Tlnnhnr. P. TlelanA.W.R Sapp, M. H. Mitohell.Sam'l Israel, 8. W. Farquhar, ti. IS. turtis, K. j. iiura, r. -uieuaim, Elliott, J. W.Vence.and S.Finoh.Mt. Vernonj H. Curtis, HeoKUK, lowa. marov WM. DDNIAR. H. . BANNINO DUNBAR 4c BANNINO, aKaikMiiaislM mm II ViT ,1IIUDDI9 Al IsAUi Mount Vernon, OFFICE In Miller's Block, in the rooms" formerly occupied by Hon. John K. Miller. ni-iy OEO. MT. LEWIS, TAILOR. MAY BE FOUND AT KREMIN, NUMBER 3 READY TO DO AS GOOD WORK AS CAN BE done In the elty. Twenty-live years experience warrants tha pledge of entire satisfaction to customers. 1ST Cutting carefully dont, and all vorl wor- wanted. junou iBUY WHERE YOU CAN BUY THE CHEAPEST!! 'William M. Mefford, "TETURNS HIS THANKS TO THE CITIZENS XX of Knox County for the liberal patronage extended to him, and would say that he has bow on tiand as good Harness, Saddles, Buggy, Carriage, "Wagon and Plow Harness, Collars, Bridles, Martin-gail.., Whins, Ae.,as ever. SHOP North-east oorner Market House. augll:ly. O. V). Hank, , SADDLER AND HARNESS MAKER, First Doot South of Woodbridge's Store, AIM STRUT. MOUNT IRN0N. OHIO KEEPS constantly oa hand a large assortment of Peddlery and Harness, Bridles, Collars, Halters, w nips, manufactured by experienced workmen and for sale upon reasonable terms. t-9ALL WORK WiiaAXTKB. A3 TRUNKS, from $1 to $21. My Trunks are muet superior article to thos eesasionly offered for sale. I would also invite special attention to say Collars, which cannot be surpassed for style and durability. may 30. LITXRT STABLE On Vina Street, West of Main. WILLIAM SAKDERSON, JR, WOULD BESPECTFULLY INFORM THE publie that he has constantly oa hand a fine stock of HORSES AND BUGGIES, Which he will let out at as reasonable rates as any -other establishment in the eountry . Thankful fur past favors, he solicits aeontlnuanee of patronage. ulyM-ly ' WM. SANDERSON, J A. Medical Notice. THE undersigned wishee to glva noilet to th elt-Isens of Mt. Vernon and the publie generally that th well knew and almost universally approved Anthrltle Medicine will be found at Esq. Wm. H. Cochran's ofloe also, he ha removed to Marttnsburgh, Knox oaty, wher he may always be found to wall upoa his eld customers, aad all others who may wish-to engage la the sale of the ale of th above named medicine, apr-tf J. B. CAMPBELL. CASIII CASH! THB HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID FOR Hide Bd Furs by O.E.RAYMOND, auglltf. Voe Uloak. FRESH ARRIVAL! AN EXTENSIVE ADDITION TO TI1EIR former stock is now opening by E. S. S. BOUSE, & SON. Dealers'tn all kinds of 6ot, Shoes, and Leather, . BnOE-KIT, LASTS, TREES, GS, SHOE f)KDIN GSR HOSIERY, all of which they will sell ohean for ready pay at their old stand, No. 1 Main Stroet. Mt. Vernon, Sept. 1 4th 1858 ly. KREMLIN BLOCK NO. 2! NEW GOODS AT KANUFATUKERS' PRICES, FOR FALL AND WINTER. Bich, Bare, and Bacy. WARRANTED XOT TO RIP RAVEL OR WEAR OUT. JUST received at Khimlin No. 2, by some less than fourteen rail roods, a large and well selected assortment of Fall and Winter Goods, which I offer to both Jew and tientile at a shado lower than has ever been sold in this neok of the woods, for the bsudy fay only. In our BOOT AND SHOE LINE, we are determined not to be beaten by any other House in prices and quality. All weask, in, that all ur old friends and customers, and the balance of the Amcrisan people will give ns a call before pur chasing elsewhere, and we will soon show to thorn. vat tho Mighty Dollar can be made to reach further ere than at any otbor shop in town. 13?" Country produce taken in exchange for Goods. f Livo and lot live is our motto. uoJ D. B. CURTIS. A GOOD KNIFE. ROGERS and WOSTENHOLM POCKET KNIVES. An entire new stock, warranted genuine at WHITE'S BOOK STORE. Jane 15th. Sec to yonr Gates. SEE THAT YOUR GATES ARE WELL HUNG. M. HOUGHTON, of Mt. Vernon, is the authorised aeent for the Empire St ati Gats Hikgk, and has the article on handatall times; and will tako Eleisure In filling orders or bills, for tho snmo. o has on hand all th diffcrentsitosof hingo from that for a small gate to that for a largo farm gate mayll-lgtt) tr. FACTS AND FIGURES. IT IS A FACT that MILLER A WHITE, has jnst rccoived the largost stock of BOOTS A SHOES, ever brought to Mount Vernon. IT IS A FACT. That they are soiling them lower prises than ever before sold in tuts market. Look at the Fljtnros. They are soiling MEN'S COARSE BOOTS from $2,90 to $3.15 KIP " 2,50 to S,5 CALF 3,50 to 5,011 BOY'S A YOUTHS' th'k and kip 1,24 to 2,40 WOMEN'S th'k and Calf Loco 1,00 to 1,50 " fine Lasting Gnitcrs 95 to 1,75 CHILDREN'S SHOES from 20 to 05 3ff Call and sec tho Boots, and you will bo oon rinccd that you can save money by buying at the fremtura store ot Oct. IDtf. MILLER A WHITE, 1 '3 NEW BOOKS & NEW PRICES, WILLIAM OLDROYD, VV OULD RESPECTFULLY INFORM TIIE Public that he has opened a tn connection with his Jewelry establishment where may be found a general assortment of Bl AftDAKU, CLASSICAL, AGRICULTURAL, THEOLOGICAL, SCHOOL AND Miscellaneous Books. He will keep constantly on hand a large assortment Of BTATIUiHAKY, ftl.AAK. ISUUfvS, ENVELOPES, PENS, AC. To which he respectfully Invites tho attention of the pubiio w .u. vluuv 1 u, PERIODICALS. MAGAZINES. Atlantic, Graham, Harper, Go-dev. Ballon, Knickerbocker, Waverly and Lon don Illustrated, received Monthly. sjaii at WEEKLY PAPERS. A T.SO the folio win saners: New York Iedzer! XxNew York Weekly, New York Mercury, Ballou's and Leslie's, Nio Nox and Yankee Notions. For aaleat OLDROYD'S. JEWELRY! JEWELRY ! I BLOCKS A WATCHES. JEWELRY. PORTMO. JMES,Pi'RiiX8 and an endless variety of Notions, nil of which will be sold as oheap as the cheapest. fT Repairing don en the shortest notice, neatly and promptly. w it. ULOUIU X u Jon n, ltWJ.ly. HBdDdDTa SHOES! Don't alt Come at Once! BUT REMEMBER, AT TnE STORE ROOM FORMERLY occupied by Walter Smith, may be found EASTERN AND HOMEMADE COARSE B00T3 from $.1,00 to $3,25, ' KIP do. do. 8,50 to i,TS, CALF do. do. 3,75 to 4,50, YOUTHS do. do. 1,25 to 2,00, BOYS, do. do. 2,00 to 2,75. MEN WOMEN', AND CHILDREN'S SHOES, Coarse and Fin, In th same proportion. Store Room nearly opposite Mr. Woodbridn's Store Westside, Main street. Bept. 14lh, If. A. DONALDSON. The Largest and Cheapest Stock of Hosiery ! EVER BROUGnTTO MT. VERNON 13 NOW being openedsi Uie Shoe Store of iiuriJtf-U- MILLER lYIIJJJb. October 5th. PREMIUM MILLER & WHITE. HAVE THE PLEASURE OF ANNOUNCING to their customers, and tho public, that they udv uceu an-urucu mo . FIRST PREMIUM 1 by the Knox County Fnlr of 1S58, for the BEST l Ab ot 11UUT dv MlUr.S of their OWN MANUFACTURE, Having built an addition to our Storo Room for manufacturing purposes and filled it with FIRST CLASS WORKMEN; we are now prepared to do all kinds of CUSTOM WORK in the best manner It will be our aim to work nono but prime stock, ano win warrant anour ownunnutncturo. wo desire tocnll the spocinl nttontion of tho LADIES to our FINE KID HEELED BOOTS A LASTING HEELED GAITERS and of tho Ucntlomcn to our FINE SEWED AND PEGGED BOOTS. In addition to our own Work, we are now reoeiving irom tno dcsc eastern manufactories a complete stock of well made BOOTS A SHOES, suitable for winter wanr, and embracing all of the latest styles, wmcn we now oner at tho lowest CASH rat and respectfully solicit an examination. MILLER & WHITE. No. 3 Miller Building. Opposite Kenyon House. Oct. 5th, 1858. MUSIC! MUSIC! AT THB MT. VERNON MUSIC STORE! I HAVE COMPLETELY SOLD OUT MY OLD STOCK of CULLED SHEET MUSIC, and have just received a largo supply or Foreign and American Prints. From Cloreland, New York A Boston, and have made nrrngcinents to send to the above places every Saturday, for all the Musical PUBLICATIONS: and all Music which may be ordered by my customers Tor 1 1J1 , . .It . L otnorsj wuicd i may nappen noi to nave on nnnd. Ialsnkeenalarge supply of Pianos manufaotur cd by Messrs, Haines A Bro's, New York; also of A. w . Mdd A l'o., of lioston; Boardman and Groy's Grand Action A Dolce Compana Attachment, made in Albany; Light, Newton A Bradbury's Pianos; Letner A Co. Pianos; Emhrson's, improved Pianos, an oi wmcn l can sen ai manufacturer s retail prices. Persons in want of a good Piane will find it to thoir interest to give us a call, as our rent and other expenses are so small it enables us to sell very low Child A Bishop's Patent Ex. Iianstion Bellows Melodcons. Manufactured in Cleveland, Ohio. Andalnreoassortmentof Guitar and Violin strinirs Sheet Music, Instruction Bonks, Ac, at retail. Second hand Pianos and Mclodoons taken in ex change for new. Sheet Music sent by mail prepaid, on receipt of ine advertised prices. 1ST Ml orders promptly attended tn. GEO. T. CONANT, In Ramsey's Block, opposite Kenyon House. July 13lh, 1858.tf. 03DON'T READ THISX8 But call at WARNER MILLER'S, 107 Main St. at the Old Stand" and buy all your goods. He has the chonpestin town no mistake Call every body. SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS. J. A. Anderson, MANl'FACTrRKR AND DBAI.RR tN SASH, DOOItS, AND BLINDS, Norton's Mills, Mt. Vernon, 0. ALL KINDS of work constantly on hand and warranted. All orders promptly exeeuted. marl7tf ILcathcr Store MILLER & WHITE, Having increased their facilities for obtaining all kinds of LEATHER direct from some of tho host Eastern A Home Tanneries, are now filling up their Store with a complete stock of SOLE, UPPER, ENAMLED, PATENT A SPLIT LEATHER, FRENCH A AMERICAN KIP AND CALF SKIN'S, GOAT A KID, MOROCCOS, COCHINEAL, PINK A RUSSET, LININGS, BINDINGS Ac, Ao. ALSO Shoemakers' Kit and Findings, All of which arcolfbrcd at the lowost CASH pricos.-tj7"Kcinembor the place No. 3, Miller's Block. Opposite Kenyon House. Oct. 5th, 1858. HOSIERY!! FIJI WINTER HOSIERY! A LARGE, CHOICE AND ATTRACTIVE stock of Ladies, Gent's A Children's Hosiery .-Just rcelvcd, and for sale at low eath prices at the PREMIUM BOOT A SHOE STORE of Oct. lVtb, '58.tf. MILLER A WHITE. lTarnes8 and Saddles. A LARGE STOCK OF HARNESS LEATHER and Skirting just received and for sale at Low cash prices at the Shoe and Leather Storo of Nov. 24th. MILLER A WHITE. LAND WARRANTS. PERSONS having 160 acre Land Warrants, by sending them to theundersigncd,oan have them loaned to pre-emptors of the public lands, at TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS each, payable In on year, secured by the land entered with the warrant. This is a rare onanoe tor investing, as tn nderof th warrants, is rendered doubly secure, by having the benefit of tho settler's Improvements add selection of some of the flnestlandsin tho west. JAMES G. CHAPMAN, Omaha City, June30tf. Nebraska Territory. VALUABLE REAL ESTATE FOR SALE OR RENT. TnE UNDERSIGNED EXECUTORS OF THE Estate of James Morrison, Sr., lately deceased, offer for sal the following tractaontaining 194 acres of the best land in Wayne Township, within one mile of Fredericktown, Knox eonnty, Ohio. Said premises are the old homestead of James Morrison, Sr., deceased. About 140 acres of wineu u oleared and in a good state of eultlration. There is a small Orchard of fruit tree on said farm, several springs of good water, and stock water in every field; a comfortable dwelling house, good barn and out buildings and otner convenient improvements, said property is well adapted to cither stock or grain, and convenient to mill or market, the Railroad passing within sight of said farm. A good title will be given, and possession on th first day of April, 1859. For terms of sale apply to AARON COOPER, residing 3 miles west of said premises; or to the subscribers, residing as indicated below. N. B. If the place is not sold before th 1st of February next, it will be offered for rent. W. L. ROBB. New Philadelphia. JAMES MORRISON, Frankfort Bprings, Pa. AARON COOPER, Frederioktown, O. Not. th, 1858-52tlFeb. '49. jy Tell your neighbors to call at Warner Miller's for all their Goods, as ho sells the cheapest in town. tov. Tf, IBJo-WU President's Message. Thanlit God for helping him out of the Kansas trouble, and for saving th Union. Fellow Citizens of tho Senate and the House of Representatives: When we compare the condition of tho country at the present day with what it was one year ago, at the meeting of Congress, we have much reason lor gratitude to that Almighty Providence, which has new failed to interposj for our relief, at the most critical periods of our history. One year ago the sectional strife between the North and South, on the dangerous subject of slavery, had become so intense as to threaten the pcaco and perpetuity of the confederacy. The application for the admission of Kansas as a State into tbo Union , fostered this unhappy agitation, and brought the whole subject once more before Congress. It was the desire ol every patriot that such measures of legislation might to adoptcd.as would remove the excite went from the States, and confine it to the Territory where it legitimately belocged. Much has been done. 1 am happy to say, to wards the accomplishment ol this object do ring the last session of Congress. Slavery the law of the Territories. The Supreme Court of the Ucited Stales had previously decided that all American citizens have an equal right to take into the Territories whatever is held as property un dor the laws of any of the States, and to bold such property there under the guardian ship ol the f ederal uonstituticn, so kmg as the territorial condition shall remain. This is now a well established position.and the proceedings of the last session were alone wanting to give it practical effect. Tho prin ciple nas been recognized, in some form or oth er, by an almost unanimous vote of both hou ses of Congress, that a territory has t right to come into the Union either as a free or a slave State, according to the will of tho people, luejusi equality oi an ine states nas tnus been vindicated, and a fruitful source of dangerous dissension among them has been re moved. Whilst such has been the beneficial tenden cy of your legislative proceedings outside of jiansas, meir inuuence nasnownere Been so happy as within that Territory itself. Left to manage and control its own affairs in its own way, without the pressure of external influence, the Revelutionary Topeka organi zation and all resistance to the Territorial Government established by Congress, have been finally abandoned. As a natural conse qu;nce, that tine Territory now appears to be tranquil and prosperous, and is attracting increasing thousands of immigrants to make it their happy home. Reads Kansas a Lecture. The past unfortunate experience of Kansas has eniorced the lesson so often already taugnt, that resistance to lawlul authority, under our form ol Government, cannot fail in the end to prove disastrous to its authors. Had the people or the Territory yielded obe dience to the laws enaoted by their Legislature, it would at the present moment have contained a larger additional population of industrious and enterprising citizens, who have been deterred from entering its borders by the existence or civil strile and organized rebel lion. It was the resistance to rightful authority ana ine persevering attempts to esiabiisn a revolutionary government under the Topeka Constitution, which caused the people ot Kan sas to commit the giave error of rofusing to T.te f r delegates to the Convention to frame a Constitution, under a law not denied to be fair and just in its provisions. This refusal to vote has been the prolific source of all ' the evils which have followed. In their hostili ty to the Territorial goverrment, they disre garded the principle, absolutely essential to the working of our form ol government that a majority of those who vote not the majori ty who may remain at home, from whatever cause must decide the result of the election. For this reason, seeking to take advantage of their own error, they denied the authority of the ton ven lion thus elected to frame a Con stitution. The Convention, notwithstanding, proceed ed to adopt a Constitution ' unexceplional in its general features, and providing for the submission ol the slavery question to a vote of the people, which, in my opinion, they were bound to do, under the Kansas and braska act This was the all-important question which had alone convulsed the Territory; acd yet the opponents ol the lawlul government, per sisting ia their first error, retained from ex ercising their right to vote, and preferred that slavery should eontmne.rather than surrender their revolutionary Topeka organiza tion. A wiser and bolter spirit seemed to prevail before the first Monday of January last, when an election was held under the Constitution, A majority or the people then voted Tor - the Governor and other State officers, for a mem ber of Congress and members of the State leg. isiature. J his election was warmly contes ted by the two political parties in Kansas.and a gret ter vt to was pt lied than at any pre bus election. A large majority of the members of the Legislature elect belonged to that party which bad previously refustd to vote. The Anti-Slavery party were thus placed in the ascendant, and tho political power of the State was in their own hands. Had Congress admitted Kansas into tno union under the Lecompton Constitution, Ihe Legislature might, at the very first session, have submitted the question to a vote of the people.wheth- er they would, or would not have a convention to amend their Constitution either on the slavery or any other question, and have adopted all necessary means forgiving speedy effect to the will of the majority. Thus the Kansas question would have been immediate ly and finally settled. Under these circumstances I submitted to Congress the censtitutlon thus framed, with all the officers already elected neccessary to put the Slate government into operation, ac companied by a strong recommendation in favor of the admission of Kansas as a state. In the course of my long publie life I have never performed any official act which, in the retrospect, basaflbided me more heartfelt satislso. tion. Its admission eould have inflicted nopos sible injury on any human being, whilst it would, within a brief period, bavo restored peace to Kansas, and harmony to the Union. In that event, the slavery question would ere this have been finally settled, according to the legally-expressed will of a majority of the voters, and popular sovereignty would thus have been vindicated in a constitutional manner.With my deep convictions of duty, I eould have pursued no other course. It U true. Hhat, as an individual, I had express! an opin ion, both before and curing the session of the Convention, in favor or submitting the re uiaiuing clauses of th Constitution, as well as that concerning slavery, to tho people. nut, acting in an olllcial character, neither myself nor any human authority had the power to rejudge tho proceedings of the Con vention, ana declare the Constitution which it had framed to be a nullity. To have done this wouiu nave been a v.olation of the Kansas and Nebraska act, which left the people of the Territory "perfectly free to form and reeulnte their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United ted Slates." It would equally have violated the great prineiplo of popular sovereignty, at the foundation of our institutions, to deprive the peoplo of the power, if they thought proper to exercise it, of confiding to delegates elected by themselves the trust of Iraming a Constitution, without requiring them to sub ject their constituents to the trouble, expense, ana aeisy oi a second election. It would have been in opposition to many precedents in our history, commencing in the very 'jest age of tho republic, of the admission of Territories as States into the Union, without a previo'is vote of the people approving their Constitution. It is to be lamented that a question so insignificant when viewed in its practical effects on the people of Kansas, whether decided one way or the other, should have kindled such a flame of excitement throughout tho countrt. This reflection may prove to be a lesson of wisaom ana or wanting for our future guidance. Practically considered, the question is simply whether the people o( that Territory sho'd first come into the Union & then change any provision in their Constitution not agreeable to themselves, or accomplish tho very same object by remaining out of the Union and framing another constitution in accordance with their will? In either case, the result would be precisely tho same. The only difference in point of fact is, that the object would have been much sooner attained, and the pacification of Kansas mora speedily effected, had it been admitted as a Stato during the last ses sion oi congress. My recommendation, however, for the im mediate admission of Kansas, failed to meet the approbation of Congress. Thev deemec it wiser to adopt a different measure for the settlement of the question. For my own part, I should bavo been willing to yield my assent to almost any constitutional measure lo ac complish this object. I therclore cordially acquitwceu in wnai nas been caiiea the Eng lish Compromise, and approved the "Act for the admission of the Slate of Kansas into the Union" upon the terms therein pre scribed. Undor (he ordinance which accomnanied the Lecompton Constitution, the neonlo of Kansas had claimed double the quantity of puuni; ianug ior me support oi common schools, which bad ever been previously granted to any State upon entering the Union; and also tho alternate sections of land for twelve miles on each side of two railroads, proposed to be constructea irom the Korthern to the South ern boundary, and from the Eastern to tho Western boundary of the State. Congress deeming these claims unreasnnn. ble, provided by the act of May 4, 1868, to which I have just referred, for the admission of the Slate on an equal footing with the original States, but "upon the fundamental condi tion precedent" that a majority of the people "rco, nvaii oiccuon to t neiu ror that tiur- I I. ' .1 I . . punB,enouiu, id ine very large grants or public lands which they bad demanded under the ordinance, except such grants as had been made to Minnesota and other new Slates. Under this act, should a majority re ice t the proposition onerea mem, "it shall be deemed and held that the people of Kansas do not desire admission into the Union with said Constitution under the conditions set forth in said proposition." In the event the act authorizes the neonTe of the Territory to elect delegates to form a Constitution and State Government for themselves, "whenever, and not before, it is ascertained by a census, duly and legally taken, that the population of said Territory enuals or exceeas tne ratio oi representation remured for a member of the House of Renresentativea ot tne congress o! the UTuted States." The delegates thus assembled "shall first deter mine by a vote whether it is tha wish ofthe people of the proposed 8tate to be admitted into the Union at that time; and, ifso.shall proceed to form a Constitution, and take all necessary steps for the establishment of a State uovM-nment in conformity with the Federal Constitution.'' After this Constitution shall have been formed, Congress,cnrrying out the principles of popular sovereignty and non-in tervention, have left "the mode and manner of its approval or ratification by the people of iue proposed aiaie" 10 m "prescribed by law," and they "shall then be admitted into the union as a State under such Constitution thus fairly and legally made, with, or without slavery, as said Constitution may prescribe." An election was held throughout Kansas. in pursuance of the provision of this act, on the second day of August last, and it resulted in the rejection, by a large maioritv. of the pruiuiiion suomutea to toe people by Congress. This being the case, they are now au thorized to form another Constitution, prepar-tory to admission into Ihe Union, but not until their number, as ascertained bv a const a shall equal or exce.'d the ratio rennired to eiirct a uiemoer 10 ine uouso or ilepresonta uvea. It ia not probable, in tie present state of tne case, that a third constitution can I e law fully framed and presented to Congress by Kansas, before its population shall have reached the designated number. Nor is it to bo presumed that, after their sad experience ia resisting the ten itorial laws, ther will attempt to adopt a Constitution in express violation of iuo provisions oi an act oi congress. JJunng the session of 1856, much of the time ol Congress was occupied oa tho question of admitting Kansas under tho Topeka Constilutioo. Again, nearly the whole ol the last session was devoted to the question ol its admission under the Ltcotnpton Constitution. Surety it is not unreasonable to require the people of Pxansas to wait, teiora m king a third at tempt, until (he number of their inhabitants shall amount to ninety-three thousand four hundred and twenty. During this brief period (he harmony of the States, as well as th great business interests of the country, demand Ibat the people ofthe Union shall not for a third time be convulsed by arothor agitation on (he Kansas question. Py waiting for a short timo. and acting in obedience to law, Kansas will glide into the Union without the slightest impediment. This excellent provision, which ConoreM have applied to Kansas, ought to be extended and rendered applicable to all Territories which may hereafter seek admissior into th Union. Whilst Congresi possess the undoubted power of admitting a new Slate into the Union, however small maybe tho number of its inhabitants, yet this power ought not, in my opinion, to be exercised before Ihe population shall imount to the ratio required by (ho act fur admission ol Kansas. Had this been pre- viuusly the rule, the country would have t- caped all ihe evils and miafortunes to which it has been exposed by the Kansas question. ur course, it wnnld be unjust to give this rule's retrospective application, and cxcludoa Stato which, acting upon Ihe past practice ol Ihe government, has e. ready formed Its con stitution.idrclcd its legislature and other olfl ccrs, and is now prepared to enter the Vmon. The rule ought (o be adopted, whether we consider its bearing ot tho people of tho Territories or upon tho people of the existing males, junny or the senous dissensions which have prevailed in Congress and through out the country, would have been avoided, had this rule been established at an earlier period of the government Immediately upon the formation of a new Territory, people trom different States and Irom foreign countries rush intuit, fur th laudable purpose of .ilM,tllg hick cnuuitiuu. incir nrfc uui w themselves is to open anil cultivate farms, to con struct ruads, tn establish schools, to erect places of religions worship, and to devote their energies gen' erally lo reclaim the wilderness and to lay the foun dations uf a fluurishini and nrnsnerou common wenim. li, in tnis incjpicnt condition, wkii a population of a few thousand, thev should prematurely enter the Union, they are oppressed by tho burden of State taxation, and the menus nccessarv fur the Improvement or lb Territory and the advancement ol tucir own interest.', an thus diverted to very uineront purposos. The federal government has ever been a liberal parent to the Territories, and a aencrous contribu tor to the useful enterprises uf the early settlers. It has paid the cxprnsos of their governments and legislative assemblies out uf the common treasury, and thus relieved thrm from Ihe heavy charge. Lnder these circumstances, nothing can be better calculated to retard thoir material progress, than to divert tnem ln.ni thoir useful employments, by pre maturely cxeiung angry political contests among themselves, for the benefit uf aspiring lenders, ll is surely no hardship fur embnro coventors, senators and members of Congress, to wait until the number oi inhabitants shall equal those of a single congressional district. They surely ought nut to be per' milted tu rush into the In ion with nopalatinu less thin one-half of several of th large counties in the interior of some of the States. This was the condition of Kansas when it made application under ine lopeua constitution, liesldes, it require some time to render the mass uf a population collected in new territory, at all Homogeneous, and lo unite them on anything like a fixed p . liry. Establish the rule, and all will look forward tu it and govern them selves accord inulv. Kut justice to the people of the several Mates requires that this rule should be established by Congress. Each Stat is entitled to two senators and at least one representative in Congress. Should the people of the Stales tan to elect a Vice President, the power devolves upon Ihe Senate to elect this officer from the two highest candidates on the list In case of the death of the President, the Vice President thus elected by the Senate, becomes President of the Ui.ited States. On all questions of legislation, the senators from the smallest States of the Union have an equal vote with those from the largest. The same may be said in regard to Ike ratification ol treaties, and of Kxecutive appointtnerts. All this has woiked admirably in practice, whilst it conforms in principle with the character of a government instituted by sovereign States. I presume no American citizen would desire the slightest change in the arrangement. Still, is it not unjust and unequal to the existing States to invest some forty or fifty thousand people collected in a territory with the attributes of sovereignty, and place them on an equal footing with Vir ginia and Kw York in the Senate of the United States t For these reasons, I earnestly recommend the passage of a general act, which shall pro vide that upon the cpplicaiion of a territoriul legislature, declaring Ibeir belief that the ierritory contains a number of inhabitants which, if in a State, would entitle them to elect a member of Congress, it shall be the duty of Ihe President to cause a census of the inhabitants to bo taken, and if found suf ficient, then by tho terms of this act to au thorize them to proceed "in their own way" to frame a State constitution, preparatory to admission into the union. 1 also recommend that an appropriation may be made, to enable the President to tako a census ol the people oi jvansas. r .- Utah The President congratulates Congress rn the settlement of the Utah difficulties with out ine cnusion oi numan blood, lie com pliments the officers of the army therein, ex presses his satisfaction with tho course adopt. cd by Gov. Cummings, and makes honorable mention of the valuable, patriotic services of Col. Thos. L. Kane, in contributing to the pacification of the territory. He recom menus mat a tana omce be established in Utah, so that the inhabitants may enjoy the benefits of onr land laws and pre-emption system. China: He expresses great satisfaction with Ihe result of our negotiations with China, and thinks the. favorable treat; concluded with that power by our Minister, ahows ihe wisdom of eur neutrality and conciliatory course towards the Celestials. Tho treaty, he says, will be submitted to the Senate for approval without delay. Japan. In regard to Japan, the President uses the following language: I am happy to annonncs (hat, through the energetic yet conciliatory efforts to our Consul General in Japan, a new treaty has been ton-eluded with thai empire, which may be expected materially to argument our trade and intercourse in that quarter, and remove from our countrymen th disabilities which have heretofore been imposed upon the exorcise of their religion. J bt treaty shall b submitted to the Senate for approval without delay. Great Britain. . He congratulates the country on the aban donment by Great Britain, of the right to search American vessels. He says there are no two nations on the face- of the Earth which can do lo each other so much good or so much harm as Great Pritain and the United States. In regard to the Clayton and Bulwer Treaty, ho says: I am truly sorry I cannot also inform you (hat Ihe complications between Great Britain the United States, arising out of the Clayton end Bulwer Treaty of April, 1850, bar been finally adjusted. At the commencement of your last session I had ntnn to hope that, emancipating themacttfe from fartW unavailing discua-sions, tan two government would proceed to settle the Central American neatioas in a practical manner, alike honor hie and satisfactory le both; and this hope 1 have not yet abandoned. In any last annual message, I slated that overtares bad been mads by th British govtrnatent for thia purpose.m a friend ly Spirit, which I cordially reciprocated. Their prepoaal we,, to withdraw these qnes-ijuusfiow ali'ect negutiatiod betaetn th two government; but to aetomrlish the same ob ject between the Itritish Government and each ol Hi cvhtral American republics,whoe territorial interests are immediately Involved, The settdement was to be mad in accordance wi th the general tenor of the interpretation placed upon the Clayton and Ilulwcr treaty by the United Slates, with certain modifications. As negotiations sre still pending upon this basis, It Would hot be- proper for me to communicate (heir present condition. A fi nal settlement or these questions Is greatly to , be desire J i as this would wino out the' last remaining subject ofdi.-pute between the two countries. (Franco an 1 Russia.) Our relatione with (he treat amnires at France and liussia, ae well as with all other governments on tbo continent of Europe, ex- ' cept that of Spain, continue to be of the most triendly culracte. . Spnin. He says our relations with Rpaln remain Id an unsatisfactory condition. He refers to the cases which delayed the appointment of a sue cessorto Mr. Dodge, our Minister to Spain, and says Mr. Preston, of Kentucky, will go out with power to settb the difficulties with that country if possible. Cuba must bo acqnired In order to put a stop to the Slave Trade. In regard to this subject, the President nsel the following language! The truth is (bat Cuba, In its existing col - Innial condition, ia a ton slant source of iniurw and annoyance to the American people. It is tne oniy spot in ine civilised world where the African slave-trade ia tolerated; and we are bound by treaty with Great ilriuio to main, tain a naval force on the coast of Africa, at much expense both of life and treasure, solely for the purprse of arresting slavers bound to that island. The late serious difficulties bs tween the United States and Croat Britain respecting the right of search, now ao happily terminated, eould cover have arisen if Cube) had not afforded a market forslavts. As long sa this market shall remain open, there can be no hope for the civilization of benighted Afri ca. Whilst the demand for slaves continues in Cuba, wars will te waged among the petty and barbarous chiefs in Africa, for the purpose of seizing subjects to supply this tradet In such a condition of affairs, it is impossible that the light of civilization and religion can ever penetrate these dark abodes. . It has been made known to the world by my predecessors, that the United States have on several occasiensi endeavored to acquire Cuba from Spain by honorable negotiation.. If this were accomplished, the last relic of the African slave-trade would instantly disappear. We would not, if we could) acquire Cuba in any other manner. This is due to onr national character. All the territory which we have acquired since the origin of the govern ment, has been by fair purchase from France, Spain, and Mexico, ot by the free and rolttn tary act of the independent State of Texas, in blending her destinies With our own. This : course we shall ever pursue-, unless circumstances should occur! which we do not novr anticipate, tendering a departure from it clean ly justifiable, under the imperative oven., ruling law of self t reservation. The Island of Cuba, from its geographical position, commands Ihe tnouth of the Mtssis sippi, and the immense and annually increase ing trade, foreign and coastwise, from tbe vaU ley of the noble river, novr embracing half the sovereign States of the Union. With that Island under the dominion of a distant foreign power, this trade, of vital importance to these States, is exposed to tbe danger at being do stroyed in lime of war, and it has . hitherto been subjected to perpetual injury and annoy- - ance in time of peace. Our relations with Spain, which ought to be of the most friendly character, must always be placed in jeopardy, wnusi me existing uoionh I uovernment over the Island shall remain in its present condition. , Whilst the possession ol Ihe Islam" Would be of vast importance to the United States, its value to Spain is competitively animpnrtaat. Such was (be relative situation ol the parties, when the great Napoleon transferred Louiai. ana to tbe United States. Jealous., As fan ever was, of the national honor and interests of France, no person throughout the world has imputed blame to him for accepting; a pe cuniary equivalent for thia effusion! 1 be publicity which baa been given to oof former negotiations upon this subject, and the large appropriation which may be required (0 effect this purpose, render it expedient, lst lore making another attempt to renew the negotiation, (hat I abould lay tbe whole sulject befr re Congress. Th is Is especially necessary, as it may become mdispensabto to attcceas, that I should be intrusted with tbe means of making an advance to the Spanish Government immediately after tbe signing of the treaty, without a wilting Ihe ratification of it by tbe Senate. I am encouraged to make th is suggestion by the example of Mr. Jcfloraon previous to the purchase of Louisiana from France, and by that of Mr. Polk in view ofthe acquisition of territory from Mexico. . I refer the whole sulject to Congress, and commend it to their careful consideration. I repeat the recommendation made In my my message of December last, in favor of all . appropriation "to be paid to the 8pnih gov.,-ernment for the purpose of distribution among the claimants in tbe Armutad case.", l'regi. dent Pulk first mado a aimilar rceoarmen daticn in December, 1817, and it was repeated ny my immediate predecessor in jJecember, 1853. 1 entertain no doubt that indemnity ia faiily due to these claimants nnder our treaty with Spain of the 27th October, 1795; and whilst demanding justice, we ought to do justice. An spprwortation promptly made for Hi n purpose, could not tail to exert a favor, able influence on our negotiations with Spain. Mexico. The IYeiident dwells at considerable length on Mexican affaira, and says (here has been in en tii failure on the part of our Minister, Mr. Foray tbe,(o' secure redress for the wrongs committed by Mexico sgainst eur eitiaens. lie tayi that from tbo temper manifested by the Mexican government; M favorable change can be expected until the United States give striking evidence of their will and pow er to protect their eitiaens. In regard to the causes for a war with Mexico, (he seisnre of Mexican territory Ac. The President ate the language below I (Abundant cause fur war with Mexico and when it snoiua do commenced.) Abundant cause now undoubtedly exists. fora resort to hostilities against Ihe govern, laent still holding possesion ofihe capital. Should (hey tucrced tn subduing tbe constitutional forces all reasonable hope will then have expired ofa peaceful Settlement of OUT d tt-.ulties. .